Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What proteins does DNA wrap tightly around | Histones |
| What is replication | The process by which a cell copies or duplicates it's DNA |
| What is a replication fork | Y-shaped region at the end of each replication bubble where the new strands of DNA are elongating |
| What are proteins made by | Ribosomes in the cytoplasm |
| What is the synthase of protein called | Translation |
| What are the building instructions for proteins | Genes |
| What are mutations | Changes in the genetic material of a cell |
| What is gene mutation | A change within a single gene |
| What is chromosome mutation | Changes within the whole chromosome |
| What are point mutations | Changes in just one base pair of a gene |
| What are the 3 differences between RNA & DNA | 1). DNA: double strand RNA: single strand 2). DNA: Deoxyribose sugar RNA: Ribose sugar 3). DNA: contains thymine RNA: contains uracil |
| Where is DNA found in the cell | The nucleus |
| Where is RNA found in the cell | The ribosome, cytoplasm, & nucleus |
| Name 3 types of RNA & what they do | mRNA: carries messages from DNA in nucleus to ribosomes in cytoplasm tRNA: transfers amino acids to area of protein synthesis rRNA: makes up proteins which make up ribosomes |
| What are the first 4 steps of transcription | 1). DNA polymerase binds to promoter 2). DNA polymerase separates DNA strands 3). strand of DNA is used as a template 4). new nucleotides are inserted according to the base pairing rules |
| What are the last 3 steps of transcription | 5). this continues until terminator is reached 6). as the RNA polymerase moves along the DNA molecule, hydrogen bonds between 2 strands of DNA reform 7). a single strand RNA molecule has been transcribed |
| What is a helicase | It separates DNA strands in DNA replication |
| What is DNA polymerase | It adds new DNA nucleotides |
| What is RNA polymerase | It makes RNA, separates DNA strand (in transcription), & reforms hydrogen bonds |
| Where does transcription take place | Nucleus |
| Where does translation take place | On a ribosome in the cytoplasm |
| What is the product of transcription | mRNA |
| What is the product of trandlation | Protein (an amino acid chain) |
| What is the role of a codon in a DNA molecule | 3 nucleotide/nitrogen bases that code for specific amino acids |
| What is the role of a promoter in a DNA molecule | DNA sequence where RNA polymerase attaches & initiates transcription |
| What is the role of a termination codon in a DNA molecule | DNA sequence that signals the end of transcription |
| What is the start codon found on RNA | AUG |
| What are the 3 stop codons on RNA | UGA, UAA, & UAG |
| What is a purine | A double ringed nitrogen base |
| What is a pyrimidine | A single ringed nitrogen base |
| What is deoxyribose | 5-carbon sugar that lacks a single oxygen atom (found in DNA) |
| What is ribose | 5-carbon sugar that has the oxygen atoms (found in RNA) |
| What are 3 things genes must be able to do | 1). store info 2). replicate accurately 3). mutate (change) |
| Who were the people who came up with a model of DNA | James Watson & Francis Crick |
| What do nucleotides consist of | A phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar (deoxyribose), & a nitrogen base |
| What are DNA molecules made up of | Small units called nucleotides |
| What are the 4 nitrogen bases in DNA | Adenine, thymine, cytosine, & Guanine |
| What are the 4 nitrogen bases in RNA | Adenine, uracil, cytosine, & Guanine |
| What is the backbone of a DNA chain | Alternating sugar/phosphate groups |
| Who discovered that A=T & C=G | Erwin Chargaff |
| Who discovered that DNA has 2 strands & the nitrogen bases were in the center of the molecule | Rosalind Franklin |
| What are nitrogen bases connected by | Hydrogen bonds |
| What connects bases & phosphate groups | Covalent bonds |
Created by:
user-2040971