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A/P 2 lecture 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| blood reaches the cerlls that make up large blood vessels by way of tiny capillaries called | vasa vasorum |
| The pulmonary arteries bring _____ blood to the _____ | deoxygenated , alveoli of the lungs |
| What type of blood vessel hols the smallest volume of blood | capillaries |
| The longes vein in the human body is the | descending aorta |
| which of the following carries orxygenated blood? hepatic vein , pulmaonary vein,axillary vein, temporal vein | hepatic vein |
| Elastic arteries can withstand the pressure of blood at ventricular systole because | elastic fibers allow the artery to expand with the pressure, then return to original size and shape |
| Pressure against the walss of capillaries due to water in the blood is called | Blood hydorstaci pressure |
| Endothelium makes up the layer of the arteries called the | tunica interna |
| The property of arteries that contributes to a pressure reserve is | elastic recoil of the large arteries |
| The exchange of nutrients and waste products takes place only through the walls of | capillaries |
| Capillaries in which the basement membrane is incomplete or absent and have large spaces between the endothelial cells are called | sinusoids |
| Veins that contain vlaves are located mostly in the | limbs |
| The principal blood reservoirs are the | veins of the andominal organs |
| If your total blood volume is 5 liters, the volume in your veins and venules if | 3 liters |
| At the venous end of capillaries, fluid moves form the interstitial spaces into the capilaries because | the net filtration pressure is usually about -9mm Hg |
| Velocity of blood flow is fastes in the | aorta |
| circulation time in an average resting human is about | one minute |
| If cardiac out (co) rise due to an increase in stroke volume or heart rate, but resistance stays the same | blood pressure will increase |
| If a tube is decreased to 1/2 its diameter, it will increase its resistance to fluid flow | 4 times |
| Contraction of kseletal muscles in the leg cause blood to be pumped toward the heart because | proximal vlaves in the vein close and distal valves open |
| What type of blood vessel exerts the major control of systemic vascular resistance on a moment -to- moent basis? | arterioles |
| The most immediate result of increased muscle contraction and increased respiration would be | increased venous return to the heart |
| Effector tissues regulated by the cardiovascular center are | heart muscle |
| Sympathetic nerve impulses reach the heart via | ardiac accelerator nerves |
| Information on blood pressure travels form the baroreceptors in the arch of the aorta to the cardiovascular center through the | vagus nerve |
| Because of the presence of beta adrenergic receptors on the smooth muscles of anerioles going to skeletal muscles and the heart, sympathetic stimulation causes | vasodilation and increase in blood flow to these tissues |
| If blood pressure frops, a negative feedback mechanism causes | increase in heart rate, stroke volume, and vasoconstriction |
| The principle stimulus for autoregulation of blood flow into the capillaries is | oxygen |
| A sign of shock is | slow pulse |
| Shock becomes steadily worse and compensatory mechanisms are no longer adequate when the blood volume drops more than | 1-2 percent |
| If the blood pressure reading on a patient is 142/95, the pulse pressure is | 47 mmHg |
| The most proximal protion (closest to the heart) of the aorta is the | ascending aorta |
| The diameter fo the aorta in an adult is about | 1 inch |
| The largest artery in the thigh is the | femoral artery |
| The blood that flows to the left arm passes through the | left subclavian artery |
| The right radial and ulnar arteries are branches of the | right brachial artery |
| An improtant function of the circle of willis is to | equalize blood pressure and supply altrenate routes to the brain |
| The splenic artery supplies blood to the spleen and one of tis branches supplies blood to the | pancrease |
| The unpaired visceral branches fo the abdominal aorta are the | ciliac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries |
| The ___ arteries pass posterior to the inguinal ligament as they enter the thigh | external iliac |
| The descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum are supplied with blood through the | inferior mesenteric artery |
| The abdominal aorta divides into the common iliac arteries at about the level of the | fourth lumbar vertebra |
| The transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae have foramina that allow passage fo the | vertebral veins |
| The basilic and brachial veins merge in the arm ot form the | axillary vein |
| Orthostatic hypotension occurs when a person | stands up |
| When the axillary vein leaves the arm and enters the shoulder region it is renamed the | subclavian vein |
| The inferior vena cava is formed by the union of the two | common iliac vein |
| Most of the tissues and organs in the thorax are drained by | Azygos system of veins |
| the hepatic portal veins bring blood form the gastrointestinal tract to the | liver |
| At the back of the knee, the anterior and posterior tibial and small saphenous veins drain blood into the | popliteal vein |
| Which vein of the hepatic portal system drains the small intestin, portions of the larte intestine, stomach and pancreas? | supeior mesenteric vein |
| Because the pulmonary arteries have larger diameter, thinner walls, and less elastic tissue than systemic arteries | The resistance to blood flow is very low |
| After the baby is born, the umbliical vein that passes through the liver constricts and becomes the | ligamentum teres (round ligament) |
| By age 80, blood flow through the kidneys is ___ less than in the smae person at the age of 30. | 50 percent |
| What blood vessels is most often used to find arterial systolic pulse? | radial artery |
| Blood is carried away from the heart by | systemic arteries |
| A thin, weakened section of the wall of a blood vessel that is prone to rupture is termed | aneurysm |
| What is the name of the branch of the brachiocephalic trunk? | right subclavian artery |
| Which artery enters the skull through theforamen magnum? | |
| The part of the aorta that passes through the diaphragm is the | descending aorta |
| The circle of willis provide blood to the | brian |
| The basilar artery is formed by the union of the _____ arteries | posterior cerbral |
Created by:
Loterewl