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2.3-2.8
memories
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| recall | a measure of memory in which a person must retrieve info learned earlier as on a fill in the blank test |
| recotnition | a measure of memory in which a person identifies terms/items previously learned (MCQ) |
| Relearning | a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning again |
| encoding | process of getting info into memory (extracting meaning) |
| storage | process of retaining encoded info over time |
| retrieval | process of getting info out of memory storage |
| sensory memory | immediate brief recording of sensory info in the memory system |
| short term memory | briefly activated memory of a few items that is later stored or forgotten |
| long term memory | relatively permanent, limitless archive of memory |
| working memory | model of short term memory by Alan Baddeley; conscious active processing of incoming sensory info, and info retrieved from long term memory |
| Central executive | a memory component that coordinates the activities of phonological loop and visuospatial sketch pad |
| phonological loop | memory component that briefly holds auditory info |
| visuospatial sketchpad | a memory component that briefly holds visual info |
| neurogensis | formation of new neurons |
| long term potentiation | an increase in nerve cells firing potential after rapid stimulation(flinching) |
| explicit memory | retention of facts and experiences that we can consciously know and declare |
| effortful processing | encoding that requires attention and conscious effort |
| automatic processing | unconsciously encoding of incidental info such as space, time, and frequency, and of familiar well learned info such as sound, smells, and word meanings |
| Implicit memory | retention of learned skills, or classically conditioned associations, independent of conscious recollection |
| iconic memory | a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; photographic memory lasting a few tenths of a second |
| Echoic memory | a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere sounds and words can be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds of hearing |
| Spacing effect | tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention |
| testing effect | enhanced memory after retrieving rather than simply rereading info |
| shallow processing | encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearnce of words |
| Deep processing | encoding semantically based on the meaning of words |
| semantic memory | explicit memory of facts and general knowledge; one of two conscious memory systems |
| episodic memory | explicit memory of personally experienced events |
| hippocampus | a neural center located in the limbic system helps process conscious memories for storage |
| flashbulb memory | a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event |
| priming | activation often unconsciously of associations in memory |
| encoding specificity | idea that cues and context specific to a particular memory will be most effective in helping us recall it |
| serial position effect | our tendency to remember best the last items initially (recency effect) and first after a delay(primacy effect) |
| interleaving | a retrieval strategy that involves mixing the study of different topics (study techniques) |
| Anterograde amnesia | inability to form new memories |
| retrograde | inability to remember info from past |
| proactive interference | disruptive effect of older info on learning newer info |
| retroactive interference | disruptive effect of newer learning on recall of old |
| repression | psychoanalytic theory the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories |
| reconsolidation | process by which previously stored memories when retrieved are altered before being restored |
| misinformation effect | occurs when memory has been corrupted by misleading info |
| Source Amnesia | faulty memory for how, when, or where information was learned or imagined |
Created by:
vincdrea