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EKG Study Guide 10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In an adult, the normal duration of the QRS complex is ______ seconds. | 0.06 - 0.12 |
| Two conditions must exist to suspect bundle branch block. First, the QRS complex must have an abnormal duration (0.12 seconds or more in width) and second _____________ | The QRS complex must arise as the result of supraventricular activity |
| The left atrium receives blood from the what? | Pulmonary veins |
| The inferior surface of the ventricle is supplied by the _______ coronary artery in most of the population. | Right |
| What would indicate ischemia on and ECG? | ST segment depression, T wave inversion |
| The _________ _________ originate from small mounds of myocardium called papillary muscles and serve as anchors to prevents the cusps of the AV valves from inverting into the atria. | Chordae Tendineae |
| What leads are chest leads? | V1 - V6 |
| ___________ is a term that describe the period of recovery that cells need after being discharged before they were able to respond to stimulus. | Refractoriness |
| On an ECG, what is the first negative deflection seen after the P wave? | Q wave |
| Where is the positive electrode placed on lead III? | Left leg or foot |
| Signs and symptoms experienced during a tachydysrhythmia are usually primarily related to what? | Decreased ventricular filling time and stroke volume |
| In a junctional rhythm viewed in lead II, where is the location of the P wave on the ECG if ventricular depolarization precedes atrial depolarization? | After the QRS |
| Which side of the heart is a high pressure that pumps arterial blood to the systemic circulation? | Left |
| Anterior wall myocardial infraction are most often a result of an occlusion of a branch of the _________ coronary artery | Left |
| Tall, peaked T waves observed on the ECG are most commonly seen in patients with what? | Hyperkalemia |
| The myocardium is thickest in the what? | Left ventricle |
| The first segment of the left coronary artery is the _______ _________ ________ | Left main coronary |
| A delta wave is an ECG characteristic associated with what dysrhythmia? | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
| Which leads are anatomically contiguous? | V2, V3, V4 |
| What is multi-focal atrial tachycardia? | Irregular |
| Atrial fibrillation is characterized by what? | An erratic, wavey baseline and irregular ventricular rhythm |
| Lead III views the __________ wall of the left ventricle | Inferior |
| The anterior surface of the heart consists primarily of the what? | Right ventricle |
| How are frequent PAC's usually managed? | Correcting the underlying cause |
| Myocardial ischemia delays the process of repolarization therefore the ECG changes characteristics if ischemia? | Changes in the ST segment and T wave |
| A ____ bundle branch block produces a QS pattern in lead V1 | Left |
| A beat originating from the AV junction that appears later then the next expected sinus beat is called an ____ _____ ______ | Junctional escape beat |
| Wen reviewing a 12-lead ECG intervals and duration are usually expressed in _________ | Milliseconds |
| If the AV junction paces the heart, the electrical impulse must travel in a backward direction to activate the atria. This is called __________ conduction | Retrograde |
| Sometimes, when premature atrial complex occurs very prematurely and close to the T wave of the preceding beat, only a P wave may be seen with no QRS after it (appearing as a pause) this type of PAC is termed an ________________ PAC | Nonconducted or blocked |
| A ________ ________ occurs as a result of an electrical impulse from a supraventricular site (such as the SA node) discharging at the same time as an ectopic site in the ventricles | Fusion beat |
| A ___________ ________- is a vertical line on the ECG that indicates the pacemaker has discharged | Pacemaker spike |
| A QRS measuring 0.10 to 0.12 second is called an ________ right or left bundle branch bloc | Incomplete |
| The axis of leads I, II, III form an equilateral triangle with the heart at the center. If the augmented limb leads are added to this configuration and the axes of the six leads moved in a way in which they bisect each other, the result is _____________ | Hexaxial reference system |
| An accessory pathway that has one end attracted to normal conductive tissue is called an ________ ___________ | Bypass tract |
| The term acute coronary syndromes refer to patients presenting with ischemic chest pain | True |
| Leads V4R, V5R, and V6R are used to view the posterior wall of the left ventricle | False |
| A delay or block that occurs in one of the bundle branches affects depolarization | True |
| In the lamb leads, the ST segment is normally isoelectric | True |
| The point where the QRS complexes and ST segment meet is called the ST junction or the J point | True |
| A Q wave, if present, is always a negative waveform | True |
| The six limb leads view the heart in the frontal plane as if the body were flat | True |
| Individuals with preexcitation syndrome are predisposed to tachydysrhythmia | True |
| The electrocardiogeam (ECG) is a reflection of the heart's mechanical activity. | False |
| Cardiac output is the amount blood pumped into the aorta each minute by the heart | True |
| The term ectopic refers to an extra muscle bundle consisting of working myocardial tissue that forms a connection between the atria and ventricles outside the normal conduction system. | False |
| A macro reentrant circuit is one that involves a small area of heart tissue, usually a few centimeters or less | False |
| In most ECG leads, a normal Q wave is less than 0.04 second in duration and less than one third of the amplitude of the R wave in that lead | True |
| Depolarization is the same as contraction | False |
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