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Urban game
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Round 1 | It is now 1750. For a variety of different reasons (soap, diet, sanitation, etc.…) there is a population explosion in England, and your village. The cursed Bubonic Plague which for centuries wiped out your village has been virtually eliminated due to the disposal of sewage in the canals and then ultimately the ocean. Add 5 houses (total 15). |
| Round 2 | Where is that land coming from? The Commons of course! A series of laws call the Enclosure Acts are passed by Parliament. This means that landowners can buy pieces of common land from the government. Fence off an area 3x3 inches to be reserved as a commons. Add 5 houses (total 20) and 1 more nice house. |
| Round 3 It is now 1773. A man named Richard Arkwright invents a new machine that can spin and weave cloth a hundred times faster than could be done by hand in a farm cottage ( the most common way of producing cotton cloth up to this time; the cottage industry. He calls his new machine the Water Frame because its principle source of power was water. | Let’s imagine that the first water frame was built in your village (because of the river). Since the water frame was large, a special building was needed and thus, the first factory for producing cotton cloth was built. Add 1 factory (no smoke—it is powered by water). Remember, the cotton factory must be placed on the river bank. Add 5 houses for workers (total 25) |
| Round 4 It is now 1774. More workers are needed to work in this new factory. Since many people(women) cannot compete with the spinning and weaving of cloth made in the factory and there are large numbers of poor families who have lost their livelihood due to the Enclosure Acts, wedo have an available supply of workers. | People move to your village to find work. Add 15 houses (total 40); 1 church, 1 pub, & 1 store. You may draw additional roads and 1 additional bridge. |
| Round 5 The profits from the first textile factory are enormous. New factories are built in you community: The early owners of these factories called themselves capitalists because they had the capital or money to purchase the raw material, the building, the water frame, and to pay their workers a fixed wage and make a profit. | Add 5 new factories (must be on the river bank as they need water power). profit. Add 5 houses (total 45). Also, the growing city needs a staff to provide and maintain basic services, like sewage and law enforcement. Add 1 city hall to house this staff. |
| Round 6 It is 1780. Unemployed workers from surrounding areas flood into your community looking for work. Although wages are very low, they look attractive to starving families. Housing is in great demand and for the first time a new kind of housing is constructed called Tenements. | Here dozens of families reside under one roof. Add 5 Tenements. |
| Round 7 It is now 1781. More workers need to live, eat, shop, drink, worship. We need the social support services to go along with the demand. | Add 1 store, 1 pub, 1 church, & 1 school for those families wealthy enough to send their children (boys) to school. Since workers in the factories work 6 days a week, the only day of rest is Sunday. People flock to your churches so make them convenient for their tired feet. |
| Round 8 It is now 1782. Workers work long, hard hours in the factories. The average work day begins at 6:00 a.m. and ends at 9:00 p.m. There is only a 30 minute break for lunch. After work, exhausted, “stressed out” workers stop at their local pub for some relaxation. Alcohol begins to be consumed throughout England in record amounts. | Add 5 more pubs. Destroy 5 houses (total 40), add 4 tenements. |
| Round 9 It is now 1783. Workers barely eke out a marginal existence. There is never enough money to save and some workers go into debt. Few, if any, could afford to send their children to school.These new rich are not part of the aristocratic class of England but they now can enjoy some of the refinements of the aristocratic rich such as food, servants, furniture, education, fine clothing carriages, etc.…. | Add 2 special homes. These new rich are not part of the aristocratic class of England but they now can enjoy some of the refinements of the aristocratic rich such as food, servants, furniture, education, fine clothing carriages, etc.….Add 1 factory, add 15 houses for management personages (total 55). (Note: from this point on, trees may be removed if you need space) |
| Round 10 The year is 1785. A man named James Watt invents a new machine called the steam engine. The steam engine replaces the water frame. First, it is far more efficient. Second, it allows factories to be built away from the river. This source of power is more mobile. Capitalists quickly replace their water frames with steam powered weaving and spinning machines. | The main business in England is still textile manufacturing. Add 10 factories with smoke. Add smoke to all other pre-existing factories. Also, add one nicer house since people continue to get rich. Add 5 houses (total 60) and 1 tenement. |
| Round 11 The year is 1800. A man named Henry Cort has just invented the puddling process. This process makes it possible for coal, which is, fortunately, in abundant supply in England, to be used as the primary fuel in the new iron industry. Consequently, your town is thrust into the“New Age of Heavy Industry”. | Larger factory districts appear which manufacture iron at low prices and that can easily be transported by your river. Add a new iron bridge to replace theold wooden one. Add 5 houses (total 65). |
| Round 12 It is 1820. The existing canals and dirt roads cannot accommodate the heavy industrial traffic. New experiments with transportation using the power of a steam engine are tried. The most successful appears to be a steam engine that pulls a series of wagons or cars on an iron track. The first railroad is tested and proves to be quite effective. | Add 1 major railroad line connecting all your factories and extends to the edge of your paper. This is one continuous track which must connect all factories (you may build additional railroad bridges only as needed). Add 5 houses (total 70) for railroad builders. |
| Round 13 It is 1827. This new “revolution” in transportation draws thousands of people to your community. Soon there becomes a surplus of workers. Capitalists who wish to ensure their profits decide to hire women and children over men because can perform the same factory labor at one-half to one-quarter the price. More and more children leave their homes to work. Depressed, ashamed, and angry about their wives, and children toiling in factories, many men turn to crime, and the social life of the pub. | For the first time in England’s history, alcoholism appears in epidemic proportions. Family life that existed for hundreds of years in England is disrupted. Family members seldom eat together or see each other. Add 1 jail & 2 pubs and 2 tenements. |
| Round 14 It is 1838. Let’s look at the working conditions in the factories. The two predominant factories are textile and iron (steel). Working conditions in either of these two were appalling. Many workers contacted the deadly factory fever or white lung disease. It was probably a variety of lung ailments: cancer, tuberculosis, emphysema, etc.… Other workers were injured on the job in factory accidents. There were no protective railings around the huge moving mechanical parts of machinery. | Children, weakened from lack of proper sleep or diet, stumbled into machinery and were mutilated. Women with long hair that became undone often found themselves caught in moving machinery. Regardless, if you were unable to work, you were fired. There was no health insurance. There was always a daily line of unemployed workers waiting to fill vacant jobs. Add 2 hospitals. |
| Round 15 It is 1840. There is a need for quicker transportation. Coal, iron, finished products, & raw materials must all be transported from one area of England to another. In Ireland in the late 1830’s a devastating potato famine drove hundreds of thousands of Irish to England. Here was the cheapest of labor possible to build more railroads. | Add 1 more railroad line passing east to west through your town. Add 5 houses (total 75) and 1 tenement for the new railroad workers. |
| Round 16 It is 1842. There are some advantages to urban dwellers. City life is very different from the country life. For the small but growing middle classes, a whole new cultural life is available. Museums, theater, opera, restaurants, plays, & concerts are made available. Whereas beforeonly the aristocrats could afford the arts, but now the middle class enjoys the fine life of culture and good living. | Add 1 theater and 1 museum. Add 2 private schools for upper class students (mark these schools with the letter “P”. Add 1 nice house. |
| Round 17 It is 1845. There are no pollution controls so the air in your community looks dark. Windows, walls even trees are covered with layers of soot and coke. The river that once flowed through your quiet village for hundreds of years is now unfit for drinking, bathing, or laundry. A new disease begins to take the lives of people. Malignant tumors grow in peoples’ bodies and the term cancer is first used in the medical profession. | Your city is overcrowded and shrouded in factory smoke. The noises, the loss of privacy, & the loss of the family unit shatters the peace of the old ways. Suicide rates double, then triple. Add 1 jail, 1 hospital to accommodate the victims of urban life. |
| Round 18 It is 1850. By this year several million acres of good English land has been enclosed and sold to private parties who own large estates. Despite the misery this creates for England’s landless poor, the economy benefits for the rich are obvious. These farmers purchase the newest power-driven machinery and can easily feed the working class of England (including the Irish). The small landowning farmer is crushed by the enclosed commons. | They cannot afford the machinery and therefore cannot compete and grow food profitably. Thousands of these folk leave their villages and move to towns and cities looking for work to feed their families. Some refused to leave but took jobs working for the large landowning farmers. By the thousands, they moved to the bleak, uninviting towns of the north and the new cotton mills. Add 20 houses (total 95), 5 tenements, 2 stores, 1 church, 5 factories, and 1 pub, and 3 more nice houses. |
| Round 19 Invention of the automobile. With this improvement in transportation, individuals could relocate outside of urban areas while continuing to commute to work within the city. | Add 20 houses in areas outside of your city proper, plus 2 schools, 2 churches, and 1 pub. Add roads as necessary. Remove 10 houses from inside your city to represent urban-to-rural migration. |
| Round 20 The construction of skyscrapers. With increased transportation, it became wise for business to agglomerate and share space. The ultimate result of service agglomeration is the skyscraper, consisting of office spaces with stores and restaurants on the lower floors. | Add 5 skyscrapers within your city in areas with a dense road network. You may remove houses/tenements if needed, but be sure to redraw them in new locations. Also add 1 hotel and 2 nice homes for the business professionals to live. |
| Round 21 Superhighways. Increased interregional trade has resulted in the construction of an interstate system across the country. | Add a wide road that stretches from one side of your paper to the other. Connect it to your current road system with off- and on-ramps. You may remove houses/tenements if needed, but be sure to redraw them in new locations. Remove 10 houses from within your city and add 10 houses outside of your city to represent the increased migration of the population. |
| Round 22 Urban Greenery. The lack of natural scenery has affected your population. | Add at least 1 park to open areas within your city. |
| Round 23 Transients. The growth of infrastructure and increased business within a city has created a transient population that frequently moves from place to place. They may be temporary cleaners and service personnel or traveling salesmen. | Add 1 tenements, 1 hotel, and 2 pubs to serve their needs. |
| Round 24 Retail Growth. The benefits of agglomeration also apply to retail stores, so many gather together and create shopping malls. | Add 1 mall to an area with ease of transportation. |
| Round 25 Airport. By 1960, air travel has become efficient and popular. This justifies the construction of a city airport. | Add an airport outside of your city. Also add 2 tenements and 1 hotel to serve the airport personnel. |
Created by:
PRO Teacher
MrsARobinson3