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Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Autotroph | An autotroph is an organism that produces its own food using light (photoautotrophs) or chemical energy (chemoautotrophs), converting inorganic carbon (like \(CO_{2}\)) into organic materials. |
| Heterotroph | A heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food and must consume other organisms—plants, animals, or organic matter—for energy and nutrients |
| Organism | An organism is any individual living thing, ranging from microscopic bacteria to complex multicellular animals and plants, that acts as a single, interdependent unit. |
| Habitat | A habitat is the natural environment where an organism (plant, animal, or human) normally lives, grows, and finds the necessary food, water, and shelter to survive. |
| Biotic Factor | Biotic factors are the living components of an ecosystem—including animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, and humans—that shape, influence, or affect their environment and other organisms. |
| Species | A species is the basic unit of biological classification, generally defined as a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring. |
| Population | A population is the total sum of individuals (people, organisms, or objects) occupying a specific geographic area or sharing a common characteristic. |
| Community | A community is a group of people sharing common characteristics, such as location, interests, norms, values, or identity, often fostering a sense of belonging. |
| Ecosystem | An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, other organisms, and microorganisms interact with each other and their non-living, physical environment (weather, landscape, sunlight, soil) as a functioning unit. |
| Ecology | Ecology is the scientific study of the interactions between living organisms (biotic factors) and their physical environment (abiotic factors), including how these relationships influence the distribution and abundance of life. |
| Immigration | Immigration is the action of moving to a foreign country to live and work there permanently or long-term. It involves individuals settling in a new nation, often following strict government regulations, visa policies, or border controls. |
| Emigration | Emigration is the act of leaving one's native country or region to settle permanently in another. It involves a permanent or long-term departure for reasons such as better economic opportunities, escaping political turmoil, or joining family abroad. |
| Population Density | Population density is a measurement of the number of individuals (people, animals, or plants) living in a specific, defined geographic area. |
| Limiting Factor | A limiting factor is any biotic (living) or abiotic (non-living) resource or environmental condition that restricts the size, growth, or distribution of a population within an ecosystem. |
| Carrying capacity | Carrying capacity is the maximum population size of a species that a specific environment can sustain indefinitely, given available resources like food, water, and habitat, without damaging the ecosystem. |
| Natural Selection | Natural selection is a fundamental mechanism of evolution where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. |
| Adaption | Adaption (or adaptation) is the process or result of changing to suit new conditions, environments, or purposes. It refers to modification, adjustment, or the specific form an entity takes to thrive in a new situation. |
| Niche | A niche is a specialized segment of a market, a specific role or position (such as a career) that perfectly suits someone’s talents, or a shallow, recessed space in a wall. |
| Competition | Competition is the act or process of striving against others to attain a goal, prize, or advantage that is not available to all, such as market share, resources, or victory in a match. |
| Predation | Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, hunts, kills, and consumes another organism, the prey, for energy and nutrients. |
| Mutualism | Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where two or more different species interact, with all parties benefiting from the association. |
| Commensalism | Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two different species where one organism (the commensal) benefits—obtaining food, shelter, or transportation—while the other (the host) is neither helped nor harmed. |
| Parasitism | Parasitism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two different species where one organism (the parasite) lives on or inside another (the host), gaining benefits—such as food, shelter, and reproduction—at the expense of the host. |
| Parasite | A parasite is an organism that lives on or inside a different host species, obtaining nutrients at the host's expense, often causing harm or disease. |
| Host | A host is a person, organization, or entity that receives or entertains guests, manages an event, or provides resources, such as a city hosting the Olympics or a person hosting a dinner. |
| Succession | Succession is the sequence of one person or thing following another in order, or the legal process of replacing someone in a position, office, or title. |
| Primary Succesion | Primary succession is the process of ecological development on barren, newly formed, or exposed land where no soil or previous life exists. |
| Pioneer Species | Pioneer species are the first hardy organisms to colonize barren, nutrient-poor, or disturbed environments, initiating primary or secondary succession. |
| Secondary Succession | Secondary succession is the process of ecological community recovery, regrowth, or change that occurs after a major disturbance—such as a fire, flood, or human activity (e.g., farming)—significantly alters an existing ecosystem. |
| Producer | A producer is a person, company, or entity that creates, grows, or supplies goods and services. The term generally refers to those who generate economic value (manufacturers/farmers), oversee the creation of media (film/music producers). |
| Comsumer | A consumer is an individual or group that purchases or uses goods, products, or services primarily for personal, family, or household use, rather than for resale or business production. |
| Herbivore | An herbivore is an animal adapted to consume plants, algae, and photosynthesizing bacteria as their primary food source. As primary consumers, they are essential to the food web, converting plant energy into food for carnivores. |
| Carnivore | A carnivore is an organism, typically an animal, that feeds primarily or exclusively on the flesh of other animals to survive. These creatures are often apex predators or scavengers, sometimes classified by diet percentage, such as hypercarnivores |
| Omnivore | An omnivore is an organism, including humans, that regularly consumes both plant and animal matter (including algae and fungi) for energy. Derived from the Latin omni these animals are generally opportunistic, consuming a wide variety of food sources. |
| Scavenger | A scavenger is an animal or person that feeds on or collects discarded, dead, or decaying matter (carrion, trash) rather than hunting or producing its own food. In chemistry, it is a substance added to remove impurities. |
| Decomposer | A decomposer is an organism, such as bacteria, fungi, or invertebrates (e.g., earthworms, insects), that feeds on and breaks down dead plant and animal matter, releasing nutrients back into the ecosystem. |
| Food Chain | A food chain is a linear diagram showing how energy and nutrients transfer from one organism to another within an ecosystem. |
| Food Web | A food web is a complex network of interconnected food chains that illustrates the feeding relationships and energy flow within an ecosystem. Unlike a linear food chain, a food web shows all possible paths of energy transfer, showing that most organisms e |
| Energy Pyramid | |
| Nitrogen Fixation | |
| Biome | |
| Climate | |
| Desert | |
| Rain Forest | |
| Emergent Layer | |
| Canopy | |
| Understory | |
| Grassland | |
| Savanna | |
| Deciduous Tree | |
| Boreal Forest | |
| Coniferous Tree | |
| Tundra | |
| Permafrost | |
| Estuary | |
| Intertidal Zone | |
| Neritic Zone | |
| Biogeograpy | |
| Continental Drift | |
| Dispersal |
Created by:
Ximena Gutierrez