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Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Identify dendrite | Branch of cell body |
| Identify cell body | The big part |
| Identify axon | Between cylinders |
| Identify axon terminals | End of structure |
| Define a dendrite | Process that conducts impulses toward cell body |
| WHat are neuroglia known as | supporting/glial cells |
| What is an axon | A process that conducts impulses away from the cell body |
| What is the value of a neuron being myelinated | Better communication |
| Define the all-or-none response in terms of a nerve impulse | Nerve impulse either propagated or not |
| Define a synaptic cleft | Gap between axon terminals and the next neuron |
| What term indicates that a nerve impulse has been initiated and is being transmitted | Action potential is created and depolarization occurs |
| What term indicates that a nerve impulse has been initiated and is being transmitted | Action potential is created and depolarization occurs |
| List the 4 major brain regions | Cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum |
| What is the function of the hypothalamus? | important autonomic nervous system center that regulates temp, water balance, metabolism, and pituitary gland |
| What are the layers of a nerve from outermost to innermost | Epinerium, perineurium, endonerium |
| How many cranial nerves are there? Spinal? | 12 pairs (cranial) 31 pairs (spinal) |
| Consists of brain/spinal cord | CNS |
| Carries info toward the CNS | Sensory |
| Consists of spinal/cranial nerves | PNS |
| Controls involuntary events | Autonomic |
| Carries information from the CNS | Motor |
| What are the brain and spinal cord protected and cushioned by? | Meninges |
| What is the difference between the sclera and cornea? | Sclera - white of eye Cornea -transparent |
| What does the retina contain | 2 layers (outer, inner - rods/cones) |
| What is the purpose of our lens? | Biconvex structure that focuses light, main focusing apparatus |
| What is the opening of the iris called | Pupil |
| What does the vitreous humor do | Prevents eye from collapsing and maintain pressure |
| Define binocular vision | Depth perception |
| List the order in which the vibration of sound waves travel through ossicles | Hammer to anvil to stirrup to oval window |
| What is housed in the vestibule | Maculae (receptors) |
| What are the 5 taste sensations | sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami |
| What do olfactory receptors pick up? | Detect chemicals/smell |
| what does the endocrine system produce | hormones |
| hormone levels in the blood are maintained by what | negative feedback loop |
| what hormone prepares the body to deal with short-term stress | Epinephrine |
| identify thymosin | thymus |
| melatonin | pineal gland |
| testosterone | testes |
| insulin | pancreas |
| ovaries | ovaries |
| metabolism | thyroid |
| What is the normal blood range | pH: 7.35-7.45 |
| What is the function of hemoglobin | binds oxygen |
| What is anemia | Decrease in oxygen-carrying ability of blood due to low RBC/deficient hemoglobin |
| What does the buffy coat of a centrifuged blood sample consist of | Leukocytes + platelets |
| What is the most abundant formed element in blood | Red blood cells |
| What is the numerous to least numerous wbc | Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils |
| Define hemostasis | Stopping bleeding results from break in blood cell |
| Whatt is hemophilia | hereditary bleeding disorder |
| What is the difference between a thrombus and embolus | Clot in unbroken vessel (thrombus), freely floating thrombus in blood stream (embolus) |
| Define agglutination | Clumping |
| Which blood type is universal recipient | AB |
| What blood type is universal donor | O |
| What are the 4 chambers of heart and where are they located | Right atria, right ventricle, left atria, left ventricle |
| Blood leaves the left ventricle through what artery | Aorta |
| Define pulmonary circulation | Flows to the lungs (u oxygenated blood circulation) |
| The SA node is known as what | Pacemaker |
| What prevents backflow in blood in large veins | Valves |
| What system picks up fluids that have escaped cardiovascular system | Lymphatic |
| What system is a functional system that consists of innate and adaptive defense mechanisms | Immune |
| Define pathogen | Harmful or disease causing organisms |
| List the 4 common indicators of acute inflammation | redness, pain, heat, swelling |
| What's the body's first line of defense | Innate defense (skin, mucous membranes, secretions) |
| Give 8 examples of nonspecific body defenses | phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, fever, antimicrobial proteins, inflammatory response, skin, mucous membranes, secretions |
| What type of immunity is provided by vaccinations | Active (artificially) |
| What is anaphylactic shock? what causes this? | - Exposure to something you're allergic to - Anaphylaxis causes the immune system to release a flood of chemicals that can cause you to go into shock (blood pressure drops suddenly and the airways narrow, blocking breathing) |
| Which portion of the immune system issues an attack specific to particular foreign substances | Lymphocytes |
Created by:
serenitylockard