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Endocrine
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endocrine | Secrete inside the body |
| Exocrine | Secrete outside the body |
| Pituitary Gland | "master gland", located in hypothalamus |
| Master gland | Pituitary Gland, controls all other glands |
| Prolactin | Stimulation of milk production |
| Growth hormone | Stimulate growth in childhood |
| Adrenocorticotropin | production of cortisol in the adrenal glands |
| Cortisol | "stress hormone" |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone | regulates the body's metabolism, energy, growth, and development of the nervous system |
| LH | regulates testosterone and estrogen |
| FSH | Promotes production of sperm and eggs |
| Oxytocin | causes milk let down in nursing mothers and contractions during birth |
| antidiuretic hormone | Regulates water balance |
| diuretic | increae urine production |
| why do you feel thirsty? | Hypothalamus controls thirst |
| thyroid gland | Controls metabolism |
| T3 and T4 | Increase the rate cells release energy from carbs |
| Calcitonin | regulates the blood concentration of calcium |
| BMR | Basal Metabolic Rate |
| Goiter | Enlargement of the thyroid |
| Hyperthyroidism | too many thyroid hormones |
| hypothyroidism | too little thyroid hormones |
| Parathyroid gland | located behind the thyroid, takes calcium from the bones to make it available in the blood |
| Adrenal Glands | Located above the kidneys |
| How many glands make up the parathyroid gland | 4 |
| adrenal cortex | outside |
| adrenal medulla | inside |
| Adrenal glands | produce adrenaline |
| epinephrine | fight or flight response |
| aldosterone | help kidneys conserve sodium and excrete potassium, maintaining blood pressure |
| cortisol | keeps blood glucose levels stable |
| adrenal sex hormones | androgens and estrogens |
| Cushing's disease | too much cortisol |
| Addison's disease | too little cortisol |
| panreas | large gland behind the stomach that maintains blood sugar levels |
| glucagon | stimulates the liver to break down glycogen, raising blood sugar |
| insulin | decreases blood sugar concentrations, affects the uptake of glucose by cells |
| diabetes | disease for low blood sugar |
| type 1 | Inherited |
| type 2 | lifestyle, diet |
| hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| diabetes insipidus | kidneys are unable to conserve water |
| diabetic neuropathy | nerve damage from diabetes |
| pineal gland | secretes melatonin, center of brain |
| thymus gland | above the heart, important in the immune function |
| thymus gland | shrinks with age |
Created by:
ghb2026000022