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Accessory Organs
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tongue | Helps with chewing and has chemoreceptors for taste, attached to hyoid bone, attached to the frenulum "tongue tied" and it is difficult to swallow and talk so they cut it |
| Teeth | Enamel = hardest part on the human, dentin is softer and has some nerve, pulp has most of the nerves and a toothache is usually from a hole in the enamel and open to pulp = brushing, sugar, soda (acid) |
| Cementum | Periodontal ligaments and hold teeth in the bone, there is 32 and 28 when wisdom teeth removed, primary teeth start when a few months and loose the first at 4/5 and last at 11/12. |
| Types of teeth | Canines, molars, pre-molars, and incisors |
| Evidence of omnivores | Flat molars and sharp to grind up plants but not pointy, pre-molars and canines are sharp to hold onto meat. |
| Saliva | lubrication and enzymes. |
| Parotid Gland | Largest paired salivary glands, located in front of each ear, responsible for secreting serous saliva into the mouth via Stensen's duct to aid in digestion |
| Submandibular gland | paired major salivary glands located below the jaw, producing roughly 70% of resting saliva. They are crucial for lubrication, initiating digestion, and oral hygiene. |
| Sublingual gland | the smallest of the three paired major salivary glands, situated directly under the tongue in the floor of the mouth. It provides 3–5% of total salivary volume, primarily producing mucous secretions to lubricate food. |
| Liver | Right side is bigger/longer, four lobes, regenerative. Detoxify and filters, converts extra food into fats, produces bile which breaks down fats, breaks down RBC, stores iron, vitamins- lipid soluble, glycogen |
| Gallbladder | Under the liver and you could live without, releases bile so some wouldn't be digested. |
| Pancreas | Produces insulin and breaks down carbs |
| Omentum | Sheet of connective tissue that covers abdomen with fat pockets because fats are secreted from intestines, and a lot of lymphatic tissue because bacteria. |