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PHARMA FINAL 1-21
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which is the definition of the term “pharmacology”? | The study of drugs |
| Which is the definition of the term “pharmacodynamics”? | The body’s response to drugs |
| Which is the definition of “anatomy”? | The study of the structure of body parts |
| Which is the definition of “physiology”? | The study of the functions of cells, tissues, and organs of living organisms |
| Which is the definition of “pathology”? | The study of the disease process |
| Which is the source of drug digitals? | A plant |
| The passage of a drug from its sight of administration into the bloodstream is referred to as: | Absorption |
| Which term describes the transportation of a drug from the bloodstream to the body tissues and intended site of action? | Distribution |
| Which of the following influences metabolism? | Enzymes |
| Which term describes the bodies way of removing the waste products of ordinary cell processes? | Excretion |
| Which statement describes the action that antihistamines have on the body? | Slows the body’s natural reaction to irritation |
| Which statement describes the action that stimulants have on the body? | Speeds up the energy-producing functions of cells |
| Which term describes a way of expressing an amount that is part of a whole? | Fraction |
| Which term describes the number of parts you are taking of the whole? | Numerator |
| Which statement describe describes how to reduce a fraction? | Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the largest number that will go into them evenly |
| When doing calculations, mixed numbers must be changed to: | Improper fractions |
| The process of administering medication’s by injection using a needle and syringe is | Parenteral medication administration |
| All of the following are routes to administer a parenteral medication EXCEPT: | Oral |
| The parenteral route involves breaking through the skin’s protective covering, which increases the risk of: | Infection |
| A standard hypodermic needle is calibrated: | In cubic centimeters |
| Which term describes how an insulin syringes calibrated? | In units |
| Which statement describes how a tuberculate syringe is calibrated? | Hundredths of cubic centimeters |
| Which term describes combinations of drugs with other ingredients that allow for easier ingestion, dosage control, and application to various body parts? | Preparations |
| Which statement describes classifications of medication forms? | Liquids, semi-liquids, semi-solids, solids |
| Which of the following is classified as a liquid preparation? | Syrup |
| The key ingredient in a drug that produces a therapeutic effect is referred to as: | An active ingredient |
| A preparation that must be shaken prior to administration is a: | Suspension |
| All of the following dosage forms contain alcohol EXCEPT: | Syrups |
| The United States Department of Agriculture developed my plate to assist in food buying and preparation. It is based on a diet of_______ Calories per day. | 2000 |
| All of the following are conditions in which supplementation of the diet with vitamins and minerals may be necessary EXCEPT: | Adolescence |
| An organic substance necessary for metabolism and normal growth and development in an individual is called a: | Vitamin |
| Yellow fruits and vegetables, green leafy vegetables, and sunlight contain: | Fat-soluble vitamins |
| Catalysts for protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism are found in: | Water-soluble vitamins |
| A mega dose of supplementation is defined as: | 10-20 times the RDA |
| Which term describes an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause infection? | Infection |
| One-celled plants and animals are called: | Microorganisms |
| Which term describes microbes that produce infection and disease? | Pathogens |
| Which bacteria would cause an infection deep within the body, such as a joint? | Anaerobic bacteria |
| Which term refers to round shaped bacteria? | Cocci |
| Which is the most important defense mechanism of the external immune system? | Skin |
| The transparent anterior portion of the eye is the: | Cornea |
| Which term describes the “white” of the eye? | Sclera |
| Which structure gives the eye its color? | Iris |
| Which term means farsightedness, a condition that normally occurs as a result of the aging process? | Presbyopia |
| Age related blurred vision can be corrected with: | Bifocal lenses |
| As a patient ages which visual structure undergoes decreased tear production, causing dry, irritated eyes? | Lacrimal ducts |
| All of the following terms describe a part of the integumentary system EXCEPT: | Fascia |
| Which statement does NOT describe a function of skin? | Trigger for hormonal secretions during stress |
| When the body temperature elevate and causes the blood vessels of the dermis to dilate, which sign or symptom may occur? | Perspiration |
| Which term describe describes the outermost layer of skin? | Epidermis |
| Which type of cells contain a skin color pigment that gives a person’s skin its characteristic color? | Melanocytes |
| Which term describes a hard protein contained in the cells of the epidermis, nails, and hair that is both waterproof and a barrier to pathogens and chemicals? | Keratin |
| A patient diagnosed with edema associated with congestive heart failure (CHF) and hypertension would be prescribed: | Diuretics |
| Which drug classification is indicated for treating high cholesterol? | Antilipemics |
| Which drug classification does Warfarin sodium (Coumadin) belong to? | Anticoagulant |
| Before administering digoxin, the healthcare worker must check the apical pulse. Digoxin should not be given if the pulse is below: | 60 BPM |
| Which of the following is the average adult blood pressure? | 120/80 |
| The average adult pulse should be: | 60 - 100 BPM |
| What term refers to the exchange of gases between blood and air? | Respiration |
| Which structures warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria? | Cilia |
| Which structure has a function in both the respiratory and digestive system systems? | Pharynx |
| Food and saliva are kept from entering the lungs by which structure? | Epiglottis |
| Which structures are the functional units of the lung? | Alveoli |
| A technique whereby a probe is attached to the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose to measure the oxygen concentration of the blood is what? | Pulse oximetry |
| The mechanical action of breaking up food into smaller pieces is performed by which structure? | Mouth |
| The rhythmic contractions of the lining of the GI tract to push food along the passageway is defined as what? | Peristalsis |
| Which term describes chemical substances that aid digestion and are secreted by the glands in the mouth, the lining of the stomach, and from the accessory organs? | Enzymes |
| During the digestive process which structure works to absorb nutrients into the bloodstream? | Small intestine |
| Which structure prepares undigested substances for elimination from the body? | Large intestine |
| All of the following are functions of saliva EXCEPT: | Signaling the esophagus to begin peristalsis |
| All of the following are functions of the urinary system EXCEPT: | Producing adrenaline in response to stress |
| Which of the following terms describe describes the functional unit of the kidney? | Nephron |
| The ureter, the bladder, and the urethra are collectively termed the organs of: | Elimination |
| Which of the following statements is true? | Urine contains 95% water and 5% solutes |
| How many mL urine will the walls of the bladder and healthy adults hold? | 600 |
| Which body systems share the urethra in a male? | Reproductive; urinary |
| Which of the following terms is used to describe the external and internal reproductive organs? | Genitalia |
| Which of the following terms is used to describe the female reproductive cells? | Ova |
| Which of the following terms describes the release of an ovum from an ovary? | Ovulation |
| How many hours after the ovum is released from the ovary, can it be fertilized? | 72 |
| Which of the following terms is used to describe the structure that contains and nourishes the fertilized ovum as it develops? | Uterus |
| Which of the following terms describes the entrance of the uterus? | Cervix |
| Which of the following are the main regulators of metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, homeostasis, energy, production, and immunity? | Hormones |
| Which of the following is the gland at the base of the brain, known as the master gland? | Pituitary |
| A condition that results from the overproduction of growth hormone in an adult is: | Acromegaly |
| Which of the following glands are NOT controlled by the pituitary? | Parathyroid glands |
| The gland wrapped around the trachea, just below the larynx is known as which of the following? | Thyroid |
| The major function of the thyroid gland is to perform, which of the following? | Control metabolism |
| All of the following are functions of the musculoskeletal system EXCEPT: | Temperature regulation |
| Which of the following is found in the spaces between bone cells resulting in the bones becoming harder? | Calcium |
| All of the following are classification of bones EXCEPT: | Cranial bones |
| Which of the following are examples of short bones? | Carpals, tarsals |
| Red blood cells, certain white blood cells, and platelets are formed in which type of tissue? | Red bone marrow |
| Which of the following terms describes a place where two or more bones come together? | Joint |
| Which of the following make up the nervous system? | Brain, spinal cord, nerves |
| Walking and talking are: | Voluntary actions |
| Breathing, heartbeat, and blood vessel contractions are: | Sympathetic actions |
| Which of the following structures are part of the central nervous system? | Brain and spinal cord |
| Which of the following are the primary functional units of the nervous system? | Neurons |
| All of the following are parts of a nerve cell EXCEPT: | Synapse |
| Alterations in the level of which neurotransmitters are associated with which changes in behavior? | Serotonin |
| All of the following neurotransmitters/neurohormones play a role in mental health EXCEPT: | Epinephrine |
| Which of the following neurotransmitters/neurohormones affect sleep, arousal, and memory? | Dopamine and norepinephrine |
| Which of the following terms describes a substantial psychological, social, and occupational disability in which the person experiences considerable suffering, and a significant change in usual functioning? | Major depression |
| Which of the following terms describes a condition characterized by a minimal psychological, social, and occupational impairment that occurs in early childhood to early adulthood? | Dysrhythmia |
| An individual’s inability to recognize reality, a demonstration of bizarre behaviors, and an inability to deal with life’s demands is known to be suffering from which of the following conditions? | Psychosis |
| All of the following are functions of a cell EXCEPT: | Regulate temperature |
| Which of the following is NOT a specialization performed by cells? | Synthesizing minerals and electrolytes |
| All of the following are cell types in the human body EXCEPT: | Chlorophyll |
| A cell’s ability to divide into two is which of the following? | Reproduction |
| Which process allows for damaged cells, due to disease and trauma, to be replaced through reproduction? | Healing |
| Which of the following statements explains why older adults have special medical needs that include the necessity of adjusting drug dosages for age? | Digestion, energy production, and excretion all slow down |
| The branch of medicine pertaining to diseases and disorders of infants and children is which of the following? | Pediatrics |
| A physician trained in caring for infants and children is, which of the following healthcare providers? | Pediatrician |
| The period extending from birth to end of the first year of life for an individual is which of the following? | Infancy |
| Which of the following terms describes the period of life extending from infancy to puberty? | Childhood |
| The period of accelerated growth rate and sexual development generally occurring around the age of 12 in girls and age 14 in boys, is which of the following terms? | Puberty |
| Infants and small children do not have fully developed bodies and are not able to metabolize and excrete drugs like an adult would. As a result, infants and children require ______ doses of medication. | Smaller |
| Which of the following statements is true about the population aged 65 years and older? | It is the fastest growing segment of the population, increasing at 2% each year |
| Which of the following is one of the most important ways in which geriatric medicine differs from medical care delivered to younger patients? | Medication therapy |
| All of the following factors affect a drug’s effect, metabolism, and toxicity EXCEPT: | Generic versus brand-name form |
| Older adults make up the largest group of users of: | Pharmaceuticals |
| Older adults account for over ____ percent of all written prescriptions and over ____ percent of all over-the-counter drug and herbal remedies usage. | 30; 40 |
| The study of aging is referred to as which of the following terms? | Gerontology |
Created by:
lydia.cooper