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social psych final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| eye witness error | most common cause of wrongful convictions |
| weapons focus effect | the prescence of a weapon brings attention away from perp. |
| race/ age bias | people more likely to identify a perp of their own race/ age |
| misinformation effect | hearing information after the fact- incorporating it into our memory (fill in blanks) |
| what changed how we percieve a crime? | lighting, stress, physical distance, intoxication, distraction |
| biased instructions lead to | false identifications |
| familiarity induced bias | "I know them, but how?" False identification in line ups because someon looks familiar |
| double blind procedure | nobody (person running line up + people) knows who the perp is |
| cues which police focus on | voice pitch, cognitive effort, lack of eye contact, fidgeting |
| polygraph test | measures physiological arousal (not reliable) |
| what leads to false confessions? | abusive or cohersive tactics, substances |
| voirdore | choosing jury, eliminates people with bias |
| peremptory challenge | dismiss a potential juror |
| jury nullification | when jurors deliberate they ignore instructions, personal beliefs factor in |
| Dr. Kavorkian | charged with murder (assisted suicides) was acquitted |
| aggression | behavior intended to harm another individual |
| proactive agression | intended to achieve a desired goal (ego boost, conrol, money) even self defense |
| reactive agression (emotional) | heat of the moment response based off emotions |
| sports hooliganism | worldwide, soccer causes most |
| indirect agression | rumour spreading, undermining relationships |
| agreeableness | good natured, cooperative |
| emotional succeptability | easily overwhelmed, vulnerable (more likely to be agressive) |
| impulsivity | unable to control thoughts/ emotions (more likely to be agressive) |
| narcissistic | self centered, superiority complex, inadequacy |
| narcissistic injury | high likelyhood of verbal or physical response, related to agression |
| low serotonin levels | depression- associated with aggresive behaviors , treated w/ SSRI |
| frustration aggression hypothesis | idea that frustration illicits motivation to act aggressively |
| catharsis | engaging in explosive behavior relieves tension (punching pillows) |
| automatic thoughts | interpreting social situations a certain way, all the time (usually negative) |
| hostile attribution bias | abiguous behavior interpreted as hostile |
| weapons effect | prescence of a weapon often emboldens people to act out |
| inablilty to delay gratification | unable to wait for a reward |
| displacement | agression towards or against a substitute target |
| cognitive reappraisal | changing the way people think, slows down process of lashing out |
| behavior modification | reward prosocial behavior |
| social loafing | putting in less work when in a group |
| collective effort model | knowing it will be good, put in more effort |
| deindividualization | loss of a persons sense of individuality |
| brainstorming | coming up with as many ideas as possible |
| groupthink | tendency to seek concurrence, no diverse opinions |
| social dilemmas | if everyone acts in their own best interest, everyone will suffer |
| resource dilemmas | people sharing a limited resource (water) |
| evaluation apprehension | someon judging or evaluating will affect performance |
| mere prescence hypothesis | whenever someone is present while you complete a task, anxiety goes up |
| social facilitation | prescence of others improves performance on easy or familiar tasks, but worsens difficult tasks |
| cohesiveness | driving force that unifies the group, closeness (can be good or bad) |
| norms | expectations of behavior, conduct |
| roles | a set of expected behaviors |
| parentified child | child not ready to have that role |
| group | individuals with shared identity, interests, goals, ideals |
| obedience | changing behavior in response to authority figures commands |
| milgram experiment | example of obedience (65%) |
| compliance | changing behavior in response to request |
| foot in the door technique | comply with small request, then larger |
| lowballing | get them to agree to something then add additional costs |
| door in face technique | start with big request that will get rejected, then smaller request isnt so bad |
| thats not all technique | star with inflated request that may get rejected, then add perks and incentives |
| pique technique | asking atypical requests |
| traps | asking sequential requests to break mental barriers |
| conformity | change to be consistent with a groups norms |
| cognitive dissonance | thoughts/ behaviors/ attitudes conflict with one another |
| psychological reactance | when someone sees their opinions are trying to be changed and resists |
| moral liscencing | rationalizing something we plan to do wrong, trying to reduce dissonance |
| ethical dissonance | when behavior goes against our core values/ beliefs |
| confirmation bias | finding info that fits our opinion about something/ someone- proving true |
| self fulfilling prophecies | our opinions/ beliefs about a person/ event that make us act a certain way, causing the situation to go the way we thought |
| primacy vs recency | things that happen before matter more than recent things |
Created by:
user-2040330