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End of Year Test Rev
6th Grade Science
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Matter | any substance that has MASS and VOLUME |
| Volume | the amount of SPACE something takes up |
| Mass | the amount of MATTER in a substance |
| Atoms | Baic unit of matter |
| Molecules | Made up of two or more atoms joined by chemcial bonds |
| Solids, Liquids, Gases | 3 States of Matter |
| Description of a Solid | Particles are close together and do move much (vibrate in place) DEFINITE shape & volume |
| Description of a Liquid | Particles are close together and in contact, but move around and past each other. INDEFINITE shape & DEFINITE volume |
| Description of a Gas | Particles are far apart & DO NOT stay in contact with each other (very fast) INDEFINITE shape & volume |
| Pure Substance | made of just 1 type of particle and has the same physical properties all the way through |
| Two types of pure substances | Elements and Compounds |
| MIxture | Made up of two or more substances |
| Homogeneous Mixture | A mixture made up of substances that are difficult to separate, hard to see the individual parts, and look like its the same all the way through. |
| Heterogeneous Mixture | A mixture made up of parts that are easy to see and to separate. |
| Matter with a density greater than 1 g/mL will | sink |
| Matter with a density less that 1 g/mL will | float |
| Metals | elements that are good conductors, are malleable, and on the left side of the Periodic Table |
| Nonmetals | elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity, brittle, and on the right sid eof the Periodic Table |
| Metalloids | elements that ahve some properties of both metals, and onmetlas. These elements are between the meatls, and nonmetals. |
| Signs of a chemical change | Production of a gas Unexpected change in temperature Production of a precipitate Unexpected color change |
| Examples of a chemical change | rusted metal digesting food cut apple turning grey Statue of Liberty turning green Milk (solidifying) |
| Force | a push or pull |
| Gravity | A non contact force that always PULLS smaller objects toward objets with greater mass |
| Friction | A contact force that two surfaces exert on each other when these push or rub again each other |
| Magnetism | The attractive (pulling) or repulsive (pushing) force exerted by magnetic materials |
| Applied Force | Forces that are directly exerted on another object |
| Normal Force | Forces that are always applied in a perpenedicular direction to the surface |
| Balanced Force | Two forces acting on an ojbect are equal in strength and opposite in direction; Objects do not move. |
| Unbalanced Force | Two forces are not equal in strength or opposite direction. Objects |
| Net Force | The combination of al forces acting on an object |
| Energy | the ability to cause change or work |
| Kinetic | energy of motion |
| Potential | the future ability to cause change or stored energy |
| Examples of Kinetic Energy | Thermal Electric Light (Radiant) Sound |
| Examples of Potential Energy | Elastic Chemical Gravitational |
| Kinetic energy depends on | Mass and speed of an object |
| Potential energy depends on | Mass and distance of an object |
| Wave | A distrubance, such as a vibration, that transfers energy form one place to another |
| Longitudinal Wave | A disturbance causing the wave to vibrate parallel to the direction of energy traveling through the wave |
| Examples of Longitudinal Waves | Sound waves P Seismic waves Explosions |
| Transverse Wave | a wave that moves PERPENDICULAR to the direction of energy flowing through the wave |
| Examples of Transverse Waves | Water, S seismic waves Plucking a stringed instrument |
| The Law of Conservation of Energy States that energy cannot be | created or destroyed |
| Energy CAN only be | transferred or transformed |
| The greatest amount of potential energy | Is in any cart that is on the first and highest hill of a roller coaster |
| Photosynthesis | process by which plants transform light energy into chemical energy stored in sugar |
| Energy transformations that take plae in an electric circiut are | Chemical-Electric-Light |
| People in the Northern Hemisphere have winter when | the Northern Hemisphere is tilted AWAY from the sun |
| People in the Southern Hemisphere have summer when | the Southern Hemisphere is titled TOWARD the sun |
| Tides | Predictable rising and falling of ocean water that occurs along Earth's coastlines |
| Hours between HIGH tide and LOW tide | 6 hours |
| Hours between LOW tide to LOW tide | 12 hours |
| High tide happens when | that location is facing the moon |
| The Geosphere consists of | all rocks, mountians, dirt |
| The Hydrosphere consists of | All water |
| The Atmosphere consists of | All gases that surround the earth |
| The Biosphere consists of | All living things |
| Current labels of what is thought to be the 4 layers of Earth's interior (insides) | Crust, Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core |
| Metamorphic Rock | thought to form from intense HEAT and PRESSURE |
| Sedimentary Rock | Thought to form from WEATHERING, EROSION, DEPOSITION, COMPACTION, and CEMENTATION |
| Igeneous Rock | thought to form from the MELTING and COOLING of lava or magma |
| Energy and Matter are _____________________throughout the rock cycle as Earth's materials are constantly ___________________and no new material is created. | Conserverd, recycled |
| Examples of air pollution | volcanoes Forest Fires Oil Refineries Car Exhaust |
| Examples of air CONSERVATION | planting green plants around, on, and in buildings |
| Water pollution | CAN harm any living thing on earth |
| Ways to CONSERVE water | Cleaning polluted water Using as little water as possible Keeping clean water from becoming polluted |
| Healthy SOIL is | a mixture of sediment (broken down rock) and ORGANIC MATERIAL |
| Some METHODS of SOIL CONSERVATION | Plants with deep root systems terrace farming erosion barriers |
| Most of the energy we use to power our HOMES, BUSINESSES, VEHICLES, and ELECTRONICS come from | Fossil Fuels (oil, coal, natural gas) |
| The 3 parts of CELL THEORY | 1. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in all living things 2. All cells come from pre-existing cells 3. All living thing (organisms) are made of 1 or more cells. |
| Description of a prokaryotic cell | Has no nucleus or membrane bound organelles Is like a very messy sock drawer with o mathce socks ALL are unicellular |
| Description of a eukaryotic cell | 1. DOES have a NUCLEUS and other membrane bound organelles 2. Is like a very organized and neat sock drawer 3. Can be unicellular and MULTICELLULAR |
| Biotic Factor | Anything that was living, once living, or produced by something living |
| Abiotic Factor | Anything that was NEVER living, once living, or produced by something living |
| Examples of Biotic Factors | trees, milk, grasshoppers, leather, manure, kittens, grass, fish, human hair |
| Examples of Abiotic Factors | rain, rocks, sunlight, temperature, wind, sand, water, pebbles |
| The Levels of the Organization of the Ecosystem Triangle from bottom to top | Organism, Population, Community, Ecosystem |
| Unicellular | made up of only 1 cell |
| Multicellular | made up of 1 or MORE cells |
| Autotrophic | organisms that CAN make their own food |
| Heterotrophic | organisms that CANNOT make their own food; must get their food from the energy of other organisms |
| Limiting factor | any required factor that retricts, or holds back the growth of a population |
| Competition | the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resource in the same place at the same time. |
Created by:
jschroeder4