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gabriel
digestive system
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The act of taking food into the digestive tract, usually via the mouth. | Ingestion |
| The rhythmic, involuntary wave-like contractions of smooth muscle that move food through the GI tract. | Peristalsis |
| The physical fragmenting of food into smaller particles (e.g., chewing or churning). | Mechanical Digestion |
| The process using enzymes to break chemical bonds and reduce food to its building blocks. | Chemical Digestion |
| The movement of digested nutrients through the epithelial cells of the small intestine into the blood. | Absorption |
| The elimination of indigestible substances from the body in the form of faeces. | Defaecation (or Excretion) |
| The medical term for the act of chewing. | Mastication |
| The type of muscle found in the walls of the digestive organs responsible for peristalsis. | Smooth Muscle |
| The technical name for the "hollow muscular tube" that runs from the mouth to the anus. | Gastrointestinal Tract (GI Tract) |
| The classification for organs like the teeth, tongue, and liver that assist in digestion but do not have food pass through them. | Accessory Digestive Organs |
| The muscular tube that propels a bolus of food from the pharynx to the stomach. | Oesophagus |
| The specific "biological catalysts" (proteins) that speed up chemical reactions in digestion. | Enzymes |
| Swallowing (Propulsion). | Deglutition |
| The mixture of food and gastric juices in the stomach. | Chyme |
| A substance (like an enzyme) that speeds up a chemical reaction. | Catalyst |
| What is the technical term for the hollow organs that form the continuous tube food passes through (from mouth to anus)? | The Alimentary Canal (or Gastrointestinal Tract). |
| Which accessory organ produces bile to help emulsify fats in the small intestine? | Liver |
| What is the name of the "J-shaped" organ that uses both mechanical churning and chemical acid to turn food into chyme? | Stomach |
| Which enzyme, found in saliva, begins the chemical breakdown of starches into smaller sugars? | Salivary Amylase. |
| What is the name of the small, flap-like valve that prevents food from entering the trachea (windpipe) during swallowing? | Epiglottis |
| Which phase of gastric regulation is triggered by the sight, smell, or thought of food? | Cephalic Phase. |
| What are the internal folds of the stomach lining that allow it to expand like an accordion called? | Rugae |
| Which enzyme is activated by hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach to begin protein digestion? | Pepsin |
| What is the name of the sphincter that regulates the release of chyme from the stomach into the small intestine? | Pyloric Sphincter. |
| Which organ is primarily responsible for the absorption of water and the formation of solid waste? | Large Intestine. |
| Ingestion, Mastication (chewing), and Carbohydrate digestion. | Mouth |
| Passage for both food and air (leads to the Oesophagus). | Pharynx |
| The "Master" of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption. | Small Intestine |
| Secretes enzymes (protease, lipase, amylase) into the duodenum. | Pancreas |
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yatteyy