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10-13 ch
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Fat-soluble (A, D, E, K) vitamins - absorbed/stored in ______, - _______ toxicity risk | - liver/fat - higher |
| water soluble (B,C) - ______ absorbed - _____excreted - ______ toxicity risk | - blood - urine - low |
| vitamin a Role: vision Deficiency: ________ Source: ____ (beta-carotene) | - night blindness - carrots |
| Vitamin D Role: _____ absorption Deficiency: weak _____ Source: sunlight, milk | - calcium - bones |
| Vitamin E Role: ______ (protect cell from free radical Deficiency: rare source: ____ oil, seeds, nuts | - antioxidant - plant |
| Vitamin K Role:______ clotting Deficiency: ______ | - blood - bleeding |
| B vitamins = ______ metabolism | - energy |
| B1 (Thiamin) Deficiency: ______ (cvd/neurological damage) Risk: alcoholics | beriberi |
| B2 (Riboflavin) Deficiency: cracked ____ , sore ____ | - lips - throat |
| B3 (Niacin) Deficiency: ______ (3 Dās: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia) | pellagra |
| B6 Role: _______ acids, blood _______ | - amino - glucose |
| Folate Role: _____ division Deficiency: ______ tube defects | - cell - neural |
| B12 Role: _____ function Deficiency: anemia (lack red blood cells) + ____ damage | - nerve - nerve |
| Vitamin C Role: collagen Deficiency: ____ | - scurvy |
| Calcium deficiency ___________ (bone growth) Older ______ (bone loss) | - Adolescents - adults |
| š“ Iron deficiency Women (menstruation) _________ people __________ | - pregnant - Infants |
| water needs: ________ regulation transport nutrients ______ removal | - temperature - waste |
| water need affects heat exercise _______ | illness |
| electrolytes (na, k) charged minerals that regulate _______balance + _____/muscle function | - fluid - nerve |
| electrolyte imbalance cramps irregular _______ confusion | heartbeat |
| Why drinks include carbs help absorption of _____+ water | sodium |
| Acid-base balance minerals: sodium potassium š help maintain _____ _________ | pH balance |
| Why peak bone mass matters: determines lifelong _______ risk Main nutrient: ________ (with vitamin D) | - fracture - Calcium |
| Hemoglobin vs Myoglobin (iron) __________ā stores Oā in muscle ___________ ā carries Oā in blood | - Myoglobin - Hemoglobin |
| Iron loss: bleeding (esp. menstruation) _____ losses | gastrointestinal (GI) |
| Hepcidin: regulates ______ absorption (blocks when ______ is high) | - iron - iron |
| Heme vs Non-heme (iron) Heme ā _____ sources ā better absorbed Non-heme ā _____ sources | - animal - plant |
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