Established judicial review, giving courts the power to declare laws unconstitutional.

McCulloch v. Maryland

Confirmed federal supremacy and upheld the constitutionality of the national bank using implied powers.

United States v. Lopez

Limited Congress’s commerce clause power by ruling gun possession near schools is not interstate commerce.

Ruled that school sponsored prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause.

Held that mandatory school attendance laws violated Amish religious freedom.

Protected students’ symbolic speech as long as it does not disrupt school.

New York Times v. United States

Upheld freedom of the press by allowing publication of the Pentagon Papers.

Schenck v. United States

Established that speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected.

Guaranteed the right to an attorney for criminal defendants who cannot afford one.

Applied the Second Amendment right to bear arms to the states.

Brown v. Board of Education

Declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.

Citizens United v. FEC

Ruled that political spending by corporations is protected as free speech.

Established that redistricting issues are justiciable under the Equal Protection Clause.

Ruled that racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional if race is the primary factor.

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Stack #4677820

Question	Answer
Marbury v. Madison	Established judicial review, giving courts the power to declare laws unconstitutional.
McCulloch v. Maryland	Confirmed federal supremacy and upheld the constitutionality of the national bank using implied powers.
United States v. Lopez	Limited Congress’s commerce clause power by ruling gun possession near schools is not interstate commerce.
Engel v. Vitale	Ruled that school sponsored prayer in public schools violates the Establishment Clause.
Wisconsin v. Yoder	Held that mandatory school attendance laws violated Amish religious freedom.
Tinker v. Des Moines	Protected students’ symbolic speech as long as it does not disrupt school.
New York Times v. United States	Upheld freedom of the press by allowing publication of the Pentagon Papers.
Schenck v. United States	Established that speech creating a “clear and present danger” is not protected.
Gideon v. Wainwright	Guaranteed the right to an attorney for criminal defendants who cannot afford one.
McDonald v. Chicago	Applied the Second Amendment right to bear arms to the states.
Brown v. Board of Education	Declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
Citizens United v. FEC	Ruled that political spending by corporations is protected as free speech.
Baker v. Carr	Established that redistricting issues are justiciable under the Equal Protection Clause.
Shaw v. Reno	Ruled that racial gerrymandering is unconstitutional if race is the primary factor.

Created by: Peter Whitehead

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