one of two or more different versions of the same gene

allele that masks the presence of another allele for the same gene when they occur together in a heterozygote

alleles an individual inherits at a particular genetic locus

organism that inherits two different alleles for a given gene

organism that inherits two alleles of the same type for a given gene

offspring that results from a cross between two different types of parents

Law of independent assortment

Mendel's second law stating that factors controlling different characteristics are inherited independently of each other

Mendel's first law stating that two factors controlling a characteristic

position of a gene on a chromosome

characteristics of an organism that depend on how the organism’s genotype is expressed

tiny grains that bear the male gametes of seed plants and transfer sperm to female reproductive structures

fertilization in plants in which pollen is transferred to female gametes in an ovary

allele that is masked by the presence of another allele for the same gene when they occur together in a heterozygote

relationship between two alleles for the same gene in which both alleles are expressing equally in the phenotype of the heterozygote

relationship between the alleles for a gene in which one allele is only partly dominant to the other allele so an intermediate phenotype results

polygenic characteristic

characteristic, or trait, controlled by more than one gene, each of which may have two or more alleles

the likelihood, or chance then a certain event will occur

chart for determining the expected percentages of different genotypes in the offspring of two parents

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Genetics Vocab

Term	Definition
Allele	one of two or more different versions of the same gene
Dominant Allele	allele that masks the presence of another allele for the same gene when they occur together in a heterozygote
Genetics	the science of heredity
Genotype	alleles an individual inherits at a particular genetic locus
Heterozygote	organism that inherits two different alleles for a given gene
Homozygote	organism that inherits two alleles of the same type for a given gene
Hybird	offspring that results from a cross between two different types of parents
Law of independent assortment	Mendel's second law stating that factors controlling different characteristics are inherited independently of each other
Law of segregation	Mendel's first law stating that two factors controlling a characteristic
Locus	position of a gene on a chromosome
Phenotype	characteristics of an organism that depend on how the organism’s genotype is expressed
Pollen	tiny grains that bear the male gametes of seed plants and transfer sperm to female reproductive structures
Pollination	fertilization in plants in which pollen is transferred to female gametes in an ovary
Recessive allele	allele that is masked by the presence of another allele for the same gene when they occur together in a heterozygote
Codonminance	relationship between two alleles for the same gene in which both alleles are expressing equally in the phenotype of the heterozygote
incomplete dominance	relationship between the alleles for a gene in which one allele is only partly dominant to the other allele so an intermediate phenotype results
polygenic characteristic	characteristic, or trait, controlled by more than one gene, each of which may have two or more alleles
probaility	the likelihood, or chance then a certain event will occur
Punnett square	chart for determining the expected percentages of different genotypes in the offspring of two parents

Created by: MarlinFishD

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