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pubp[ final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the general definition of public policy? | A course of government action or inaction in response to public problems. |
| What constitutional principle allows gun ownership restrictions to vary significantly by state? | Federalism |
| The 'Iron Pipeline' refers to the trafficking of firearms along which major interstate? | Interstate 95 (I-95) |
| Approximately what percentage of firearms trafficked into Mexico are sourced from the United States? | 70% |
| The 2005 federal 'shield law' protects _____ from civil lawsuits regarding violence committed with their products | gun manufacturers |
| What is the primary role of Medicare in U.S. health policy? | Providing public health insurance for citizens over the age of 65 |
| Which program provides health insurance for low-income individuals, the disabled, and children in poverty? | Medicaid |
| How much more does the U.S. spend per person on healthcare compared to other developed nations? | Two times more |
| What is a 'maternity care desert'? | A rural area where fear of prosecution or restrictive laws have driven away obstetricians |
| Which high-profile figure's anti-vaccine advocacy aims to make vaccines for non-transmissible illnesses non-routine? | Robert F. Kennedy Jr. (RFK) |
| What does 'shared clinical decision-making' mean for pediatric vaccinations? | It requires a lengthy discussion before administration rather than being part of a standard routine. |
| Who is the legal scholar credited with defining Critical Race Theory in 1995? | Derrick Bell |
| What is the core argument of Critical Race Theory regarding legal and educational norms? | They are not neutral but are historically centered on white viewpoints as the universal standard. |
| What legal doctrine protects government officials from civil liability unless they violate 'clearly established' rights? | Qualified Immunity |
| In which 1967 Supreme Court case was the concept of qualified immunity first established? | Pierson v. Ray |
| The 1987 case _____ established that racial bias cannot be challenged under the 14th Amendment without evidence of 'conscious, discriminatory intent.' | McCleskey v. Kemp |
| What 1995 Supreme Court case allows 'race-neutral' reasons to justify peremptory strikes in jury selection? | Purkett v. Elm |
| The sentencing disparity between crack cocaine and powder cocaine was historically set at a _____ ratio. | 100:1 |
| Section 1983 of the U.S. Code provides citizens the right to _____ government officials for rights violations. | sue |
| Under the Trump administration, what level of immunity was claimed to protect ICE agents on duty? | Absolute immunity |
| The 'Gaza Executive Board' proposal required a minimum annual investment of _____ for a permanent seat. | 1 billion dollars |
| Why did critics oppose the inclusion of Turkey and Qatar in the Gaza 'Board of Peace' discussions? | They are viewed as Hamas sympathizers. |
| The failure of the Senate resolution to limit military power in Venezuela illustrated the weakness of _____ on executive authority. | institutional checks |
| Which international alliance was strained by President Trump's proposal to acquire Greenland? | NATO |
| Define 'Dual Federalism. | A system where the responsibilities of the national and state governments are distinct and separate. |
| Define 'Cooperative Federalism | A system where national and state governments collaborate on policymaking and implementation. |
| What are 'block grants'? | Federal funds transferred to states that allow substantial discretion in how the money is spent. |
| What are 'unfunded mandates'? | Federal requirements placed on state governments without providing the necessary funds for implementation |
| Government _____ refers to its ability to identify, assess, and respond to public problems | policy capacity |
| What is 'incremental policymaking' | A process of making small, gradual adjustments to existing policies rather than dramatic shifts. |
| What is 'divided government' | A situation where one political party controls the White House and the other controls at least one chamber of Congress |
| What is 'political socialization | The process through which citizens acquire values, beliefs, and attitudes about government |
| Which theory views policymaking as a continuous struggle among organized interest groups? | Group theory |
| What is the 'Rational Choice Theory' of policymaking? | A theory that assumes policy actors are rational and seek to maximize their own self-interest |
| What is 'straw purchasing' in the context of gun trafficking | Buying a firearm for someone else who is prohibited from owning one or wants to avoid documentation |
| The _____ provides a shield for gun manufacturers against civil liability except when they knowingly break the law | Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA) |
| What term describes the transfer of policy authority from the federal government back to the states | Devolution |
| Which theory emphasizes the formal structure and legal rules of government institutions in shaping policy | Institutional theory |
| A _____ is a law proposed by a state or locality that is approved or rejected by voters | referendum |
| Which government context refers to the widely held values and beliefs of a society, such as individualism or trust in government | Cultural context |
| How does the textbook 'Public Policy' distinguish between policy outputs and policy outcomes? | outputs are formal government actions while outcomes are the actual effects on society |
Created by:
Zariii