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Psychology
NEW VoCAB
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| personality | the consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of a person |
| unconscious | the part of the mind that contains material of which we are unaware but that strongly influences conscious processes and behaviors |
| id | the part of the unconscious personality that contains our needs, drives, instincts, and repressed material |
| ego | the part of the personality that is in touch with reality and strives to meet the demands of the id and the superego in socially acceptable ways |
| superego | the part of the personality that is the source of conscience and counter acts the socially undesirable impulses of the id |
| defense mechanisms | certain specific means by which the ego unconsciously protects itself against unpleasant impulses or circumstances |
| collective unconscious | the part of the mind that contains inherited instincts, urges, and memories common to all people |
| archetype | an inherited idea, based on experiences of one's ancestors, which shapes one's perception of the world |
| inferiority complex | a pattern of avoiding feelings of inadequacy rather than trying to overcome their source |
| behaviorism | belief that the proper subject matter of psychology is objectively observable behavior- and nothing else |
| contingencies of reinforcement | the occurrence of rewards of punishments following particular behaviors |
| humanistic psychology | a school of psychology that empathizes personal growth and the achievement of maximum patiental by each unique individual |
| self-actualization | the humanist term for realizing one's unique potiental |
| self | one's experience or image of oneself, developed through interaction with others |
| positive regard | viewing oneself in a favorable light due to supportive feedback received from interaction with other |
| conditions of worth | the conditions a person must meet in order to regard himself or herself postively |
| unconditional positive regard | the perception that individuals significant others value them for what they are, which leads the individuals to grant themselves the same favorable opinion or view |
| fully functioning | having the person and self coincide |
| trait | a tendency to react to a situation in a way that remains stable over time |
| cardinal trait | a characteristics or feature that is so pervasive the person is almost identified with it |
| factor analysis | a complex statistical technique used to identify the underlying reasons variables are correlated |
| surface trait | a stable characteristic that can be observed in certain situations |
| source trait | a stable characteristic that can be considered to be at the core of personality |
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