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SCOTUS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| McCulloch v. MD | did Congress have authority under Const. to issue national bank?could maryland have authority to tax a branch of national bank? Congress=implied powers, supremacy clause upheld, state can't tax bc it interferes with Congress Const. powers |
| Tinker v. Des Moines | prohibition against wearing black armbands as form of political protest in public school violate free speech? didn't interfere with school activities - 1st amend right to free speech (symbolic) free speech on school ground |
| NYT v. US | Nixon Admin. attempt to block publications violate 1st emnd freedom of press? didn't give more power to the gov't, it can only do that in wartime like schecnk |
| Baker v. Carr | TN - votes of people in rural areas had a proportionately greater value than the votes of people in urban areas Drawing lines around state electoral districts can be reviewed by courts because it denies equal protection under the 1st amend (and 14th) |
| US v. Lopez | Congress have the power to pass the Gun Free School Zones Act? Congress can only regulate methods of interstate commerce, if guns count as commerce, so does literally everything |
| Engel v. Vitale | school using non-denominational prayer in public school violate 1st Amend estab. clause? public schools cannot sponsor religious activities-violates 1st amend esatb. clause |
| McDonald v. Chicago | selectively incorporated individual right to own firearm, states may still have restrictions though |
| Shaw v. Reno | does gerrymandering based on race violate 1st amend equal protection clause? Yes, gerrymandering based on race to move minorities around to get more minority representatives violated 1st and 14th |
| Marbury v. Madison | does marbury have the right to his commission/sue the fed. gov't for it? the Const. = supreme law of the land, and only the Supreme Court can interpret it, judicial branch also has the power to rule other branches UNconst. |
| Wisconsin v. Yoder | Wisconsin's mandatory law for school attendance violate free exercise clause? law was interfering with legitimate religious practices, individual Rights to exercise religion outweigh state's interest in school attendance |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | do states have to provide legal counsel to defendants who cannot afford one? states must provide legal counsel for those who cannot afford one - incorporation through 14th |
| Citizens United v. FEC | law that limits ability of corporations/labor unions to spend $ to advocate the election/defeat of a candidate violate 1st amend free speech? can't give $ DIRECTLY to cand., but corporations can't have less rights than indivs. |
| Brown v. Board of Ed | segregation of public schools by race violate equal protection clause of 14th? separate education facilities are inherently unequal, does violate <> clause |
| Schenck v. US | not being able to oppose the draft=free speech violation? 1st amend does not protect against speech that is intended to cause crime/there is clear and present danger |
| Gitlow v. NY | handing out pamphlets to overthrow gov't 1st amend does not prevent the government from punishing political speech that directly advocates its violent overthrow. |
Created by:
yaya.33