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study guide 2

digestive 2

QuestionAnswer
bolus ball of chewed food shaped by the tongue, mixed w/ saliva, ready to be swallowed, formed in MOUTH
chyme semisolid mixture of half-digested food and gastric juice formed in STOMACH after churning
peristalis wavelike contractions in muscularis layer that PROPEL food forward into GI tract
segmentation back and forth MIXING contractions in small intestine. mix food w digestive juice. does NOT propel food
deglutition act of SWALLOWING. has voluntary phase (tongue) and involuntary (pharynx and esophagus)
rugae folds in the mucosa of STOMACH (and urinary bladder) that allow organ to expand when filled
villi/ microvilli finger-like projections (villi) and microscopic surface extensions (microvilli) of small intestine mucosa that massively increase absorptive SURFACE AREA
jaundice yellowish discoloration of skin and sclera caused by excess BILRUBIN in the blood; indicated liver disease or bile duct obstruction
bilirubin yellow-brown bile pigment produced from breakdown of old RBC produced by liver
peritoneum serous membrane w/ 2 layers- PARIETAL (lines abdominal cavity walls) and VISCERAL (covers organs) peritonitis= dangerous inflammation
mesentery fold of peritoneum that attaches most of small intestine to posterior abdominal wall. contains blood vessels
mastication chewing- mechanical digestion performed by teeth
emulsification physical breaking of large fat globules into tiny droplets by BILE inc. surface area for lipase to act
exocrine gland gland that secretes products INTO A DUCT. pancreatic digestive enzymes are exocrine
endocrine gland gland that secretes products DIRECTLY IN BLOODSTREAM (no duct) pancreatic insulin/glucagon are endocrine
Created by: b.marshall
 

 



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