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studt guide 1

digestive 1

QuestionAnswer
mucosa innermost layer, lines lumen, has epithelial cells that absorb nutrients + secrete mucus + enzymes
submucosa connective tissue w/ blood vessels, lymphatics + nerves (submucosal plexus), supports mucosa
muclaris 2 smooth muscle layers (circular- inner long- outer) that produce PERISTALIS and SEGMENTATION
serosa outer layer, serous membrane (part of peritoneum) that covers and protects GI organs
mechanical digestion PHYSICAL breakdown- 0 chemical change ex. mastication, peristalsis, stomach churning. food gets SMALLER molecules stay same
chemical digestion enzyme driven breakdown- molecule bonds broken, making NEW small molecules ex. salivary amylase breaks starch into disaccharides
peristalis wavelike contractions of MUCLARIS LAYER that PROPEL food forward into GI tract ex. squeezing toothpaste
segmentation back and forth contractions that MIX food w/ digestive juice. occurs in small intestine does NOT move food forward
difference between peristalsis and segmentation peristalsis PROPELS segmentation MIXES only
hydrochloric acid secreted by gastric glands, makes ACIDIC environment, ACTIVATES pepsinogen --> pepsin and KILLS most ingested bacteria
pepsin begins PROTEIN digestion secreted as inactive pepsinogen--> activated by HCI. works only in stomach
mucus protects stomach lining from being digested by its own acid and pepsin
chyme semisolid mixed food + gastric juice formed when stomach churns food. exits thru pyloric sphincter into duodenum
protein digestion BEGINS in stomach (pepsin and HCI) HCI activates pepsin HCI also kills bacteria
Created by: b.marshall
 

 



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