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danb coronal polish
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a hard mineralized deposit attached to the teeth? | calculus |
| a ____ is the complete removal of calculus, debris, stain, and plaque from the teeth | oral prophylaxis |
| the portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity is the ____ | clinical crown |
| stains that occur within the tooth structure and may not be removed by polishing are ____ | intrinsic stains |
| stains that occur on the external surfaces of the teeth and may be removed by polishing are ____ | extrinsic stains |
| what is the position that provides stability for the operator? | fulcrum |
| what is a technique used to remove plaque and stains from the coronal surfaces of teeth? | rubber-cup polishing |
| which grasp is used to hold the handpiece? | pen grasp |
| toward which direction should the polishing stroke be directed? | toward the incisal/occlusal |
| how should the patient's head be positioned for access to the maxillary and anteriors? | chin upward |
| how should the patient's head be positioned for access to the mandibular arch? | chin downward |
| use ____ on the tooth to allow the heat to dissipate between strokes | intermittent pressure |
| the speed of the cup is important in minimizing ____ | frictional heat |
| an oral prophylaxis is commonly known as a ____ | prophy/cleaning |
| who are the only members of the dental team who are licensed to perform an oral prophylaxis? | dentist or registered dental hygienist |
| what 4 types of prophy angles may be used? | rubber cup, bristle brush, reusable prophy angle, disposable prophy angle |
| the ____ is the portion of tooth that is visible within the oral cavity | clinal crown |
| what do you do before using a bristle brush? | run it under hot water |
| tobacco stains, chewing, or dipping and stains from dental amalgam that have become incorporated into the tooth structure are what type of stains? | intrinsic stains |
| stains caused by an excessive amount of fluoride during formation of the tooth are ____ | endogenous stains |
| stains that result from medication taken by the mother or the child during tooth development are ____ | endogenous stains |
| stains from food, drink, and tobacco that can be removed are what type of staining? | extrinsic stains |
| what type of polishing is used in which only those teeth or surfaces with stain are polished? | selective polishing |
| ____ refers to the coarseness of an agent | grit |
| a polishing technique that uses a specially designed handpiece with a nozzle that delivers a high-pressure stream of warm water and sodium bicarbonate is what type of polishing? | air-powder polishing |
| air-powder polishing uses a stream of warm water and ____ | sodium bicarbonate |
| pastes such as micron-fine sapphire, diamond, or aluminum oxide paste are examples of ____ | low abrasive pastes |
| for esthetic restorations, what type of polishing paste should be used? | low abrasive pastes |
| what type of polishing refers to polishing the root surfaces that have been exposed during periodontal surgery? | therapeutic polishing |
| what is therapeutic polishing also known as? | root planing |
| what are commercial premixed abrasive pastes used for polishing teeth and restorations? | prophy paste |
| the ____ is used to control the speed/rpm of the hand piece | rheostat |
| the two basic types of prophy angles are the ____ and ____ | reusable/disposable |
| ____ can be used after coronal polishing to polish the interproximal tooth surfaces and to remove abrasive agent | dental floss |
| what is a line on the teeth near the gingival margin that is more common in women and clean mouths and difficult to remove | black stain |
| what is a green/green-yellow stain that is usually on the facial surfaces of the maxillary teeth and most common in children? | green stain |
| what is a very tenacious, dark brown or black stain? | tobacco stain |
| what is caused by the use of prescription mouth rinses that contain chlorhexidine? | reddish brown stain on the interproximals and cervical areas of the teeth |
| this is used to remove stains from deep pits and fissures of enamel surfaces. | bristle brush |
| ____ ____ is also referred to as mottled enamel; result of ingestion of excessive fluoride during the mineralization period of tooth development | dental fluorosis |
| this may happen from genetic abnormality or environmental influences during development, resulting in teeth that are yellowish brown or gray brown; teeth appear translucent or opalescent and vary in color | imperfect tooth development |
| this type of staining appears as a gray or black discoloration around a restoration | silver amalgam |
| what is an indication or symptom of prolonged jaundice in life and erythroblastosis fetalis (Rh incompatibility)? | systemic causes, yellow or greenish discoloration in the teeth |
| when a wide range of colors exists (light yellow, gray, reddish brown, dark brown, or black), sometimes an orange or greenish color is seen. what condition exists? | pulpless teeth |
| thin film coating of salivary materials deposited on tooth surfaces: | pellicle |
| this type of stain occurs in a child when the mother is in her third trimester of pregnancy and is taking medication | tetracycline *antibiotics* stain |
| varying degrees of discoloration ranging from a few white spots to extensive white areas or distinct brown stains | dental fluorosis |
| staining caused by metallic ions from the amalgam penetrate into the dentin and enamel | silver amalgam |
| what is used to polish that is fairly abrasive and used for cleaning more heavily stained tooth surfaces? | silex |
| what is mildly abrasive and used for more persistent stains such as tobacco stains? | fine pumice |
| ____is a precipitated calcium carbonate, frequently incorporated into toothpaste and polishing pastes to whiten the teeth | chalk |
| this type of stain is most commonly found on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary molars and the lingual surfaces of the lower anterior incisors | brown or yellow stains |
| where does calculus first form in the mouth? | buccal surfaces of maxillary molars |
| this is used for cleaning and polishing tooth surfaces and is highly effective and does not abrade tooth enamel | zirconium silicate |
| how long does the acquired pellicle take to form? | within seconds to minutes |
| what gland is under the tongue that produces saliva? | wharton's duct |
| what salivary gland is on the inside of the right and left cheeks? | stenson's duct |
| what is the specialized, calcified connective tissue that covers the root of the tooth? | cementum |
| what is the portion of the tooth that is covered with enamel? | anatomical crown |
| what is the hard portion of the root that surrounds the pulp and is covered by enamel on the crown and cementum on the root? | enamel |
| what are the curved spaces between the interproximals of the teeth? | embrasures |
| ____ ____ of the gingival margin is due to trauma or disease | apical migration |
| abrasive used for removal of light stains on tooth enamel | super-fine silex |
| ____ ____ ____ are not a substitute for topical application of fluoride | fluoride prophylaxis pastes |
| apply a ____ ____ to identify areas of plaque before or after a coronal polish | disclosing agent |
| bristle brushes are available with what two types of bristles? | nylon and natural |
| bristle prophy brushes should ____ contact the ____ tissues and should only be positioned above the ____ third of the tooth | never / gingiva / gingival |
| the handpiece is held in a modified ____ | pen grasp |
| when the modified pen grasp is used, the ring finger is the ____ finger | fulcrum |
| ____ means above the gingiva | supragingival |
| ____ means below the gingiva | subgingival |
| appears black, brown, or dark green | subgingival calculus |
| ____ ____ appears chalky white, yellow, gray, or stained by food. most common on lingual of mandibular incisors and buccal of maxillary molars. uncommon in children under 9 | supragingival calculus |
| ____ are materials that cut or grind the surface, leaving grooves and a rough surface. should also be as moist as possible without splattering | abrasives |
| ____ ____ ____ is the time it takes to remove stains and deposits from a surface during polishing | rate of abrasion |
| this type of intrinsic stain occurs when the pulp is damaged or removed. stain can vary in color from light yellow, black, green, or magenta | pulp damage or non-vital tooth stain |
| this stain is caused by blood and pulp tissues seeping into the dentin tubules | pulp damage or non-vital tooth stain |
| ____ ____ is the result of high concentrations of ____ antibiotics taken during the time the tooth was developing | tetracycline stain / tetra |
| fine abrasives are called powders or flours and are graded ____, ____, and ____ for increasing fineness | F / FF / FFF |
| the larger the ____ ____ the more abrasive it is | particle size |
| what is the preventive therapy to maintain the health of the gingiva? | prophylaxis |
| the ____ of the cup is what holds and transports the abrasive agent | edge/center |
| additional polishing agents that may be needed during a coronal polish are bridge threaders, abrasive polishing strips, soft wooden points, and small interproximal brushes: | auxiliary polishing aids |
| ____ ____ ____ are used occasionally when a small stain is difficult to remove. it is worked interproximally, pulled tight against the proximal surface of the tooth and moved back-and-forth until the stain is gone | abrasive polishing strips |
| what is trifurcation? | three roots |
| what is bifurcation? | two roots |
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