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BMB 4450

Vitamins and Minerals

QuestionAnswer
What is the function and storage location of fat-soluble vitamins? non-coenzyme function; liver and adipose tissue
What is the function and storage location of water-soluble vitamins? coenzyme/cofactor function; circulated in water-filled sites
What is the GULU gene? the gene responsible for synthesizing vitamin C
Fat-soluble vitamins are all derived from what precursors? isoprene/terpene-based precursors
Vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, and vitamin K are examples of what type of vitamins? fat-soluble
Vitamin A is derived from what molecule? beta-carotene
What is rhodopsin? a molecule consisted of vitamin A and opsin protein for light-absorbing functions
What are photopsins? light-absorbing molecules contain retinal but not rhodopsins
The main forms of vitamin D are? D2 and D3
What is the active vitamin D metabolite? calcitriol
What is vitamin D receptor (VDR)? a transcription factor that interacts with calcitriol to modulate gene expression of Ca-transport proteins
Rickets is a condition that causes softening and weakening of bones. What vitamin deficiency is this caused by? vitamin D
What is the function of vitamin E (tocopherols)? anti-oxidant functions
Vitamin C, Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, and B12 are examples of what type of vitamins? water-soluble
Vitamin C acts as an anti-oxidant and required for the formation of what type of molecule? collagen
What is scurvy and a deficiency in what vitamin causes it? a disorder characterized by decreases cross-linking of propeptides in collagen caused by a vitamin C deficiency
What is the function of vitamin B1 (thiamine)? coenzyme for many dehydrogenase complexes
What is the function of vitamin B2 (riboflavin)? precursor for FAD and FMN
What is the function of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)? converted into PLP (pyridoxial-5-phosphate)
What is the function of vitamin B12 (cobalamin)? a larger structure mainly found in the mitochodria and used for RBC formation
What is the function of vitamin B3 (niacin)? precursor of NAD+ and NADP+
What is the function of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid)? precursor to coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein (ACP)
What is the function of vitamin B7 (biotin)? coenzyme for carbon dioxide fixation reactions
Symptoms of the disorder beriberi include complications with the TCA cycle and PPP pathway. Beriberi is caused by a deficiency in what vitamin? thiamine (B1)
What is the function of the protein transferrin? transport iron throughout the body
What is the function of the protein ferritin? store iron in tissues and cells
Copper is a mineral that plays important roles in what two complexes? cytochrome C oxidase and superoxide dismutase
What two minerals are used as components of the superoxide dismutase enzyme? copper and zinc
Created by: gracelisabethxo
 

 



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