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Vitals - Sec. Surv.
Vitals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How often should you check vitals on an unstable patient? | Every 5 minutes. |
| How often should you check vitals on an stable patient? | Every 15 minutes. |
| When should baseline vitals be taken? | As soon as possible. |
| What do all the vitals consist of? | BP, heart rate, respiratory rate, SPO2, GCS, skin appearance, pupils, temperature. As well as auscultation and blood glucose level, but those are not for every call or patient. |
| What is blood pressure? | Measure of force exerted against blood vessel walls. |
| What is systolic pressure? | Top number - When the heart is actively pumping blood. |
| What is diastolic pressure? | Bottom number - When the heart is resting. |
| What does mmHg stand for? | Millimetres of Mercury. |
| What is heart rate? | Pressure wave generated by heart contraction. |
| What are the three main components when taking heart rate? | Rate, rhythm and quality. |
| What is respiration rate? | Rate at which the patient is breathing. |
| What are the three main components when taking respiration rate? | Rate, rhythm and quality. |
| What is SPO2 measuring? | Measures percentage of hemoglobin molecules that are bound. |
| What can cause an inaccurate SPO2 reading with an oximeter? | Easily confused, poor circulation, nail polish, carbon monoxide, patient movement. Bright lights can also affect it and overly greasy/dirty fingers. |
| Where can you put an oximeter if finger is not working? | On the ear lobe. |
| How do you take temperature? | Press the thermometer under the tongue and use a small amount of force. Similar to pressing down when taking blood pressure. |
| What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale? | Method for assessing mental status and neurological status. |
| What should you find out about a patient before ranking them on the GCS? | What there baseline is. (Eg. Would the patient normally know what day it is or where they are? *In the last three weeks.) |
| What are the three components of the GCS? And the rankings? | Eyes - 4 Spontaneously, verbal, pain, no response Verbal - 5 Alert, confused, inappropriate, unintelligible, unresponsive Motor - 6 Obey, localizes, withdraws, decorticate, decerebrate, no response |
| What does decorticate mean? | Patient's body flexes to painful stimuli |
| What does decerebrate mean? | Patient's body extends outwards to painful stimuli |
| How many points are on each side of the body when auscultating? | 6 on the front and 6 on the back, for a total of 12. |
| When should you take blood glucose level? | Diabetic(also ketosis, sweet breath), decreased LOC, haven't eaten in a few days. |
| What should you be aware of when taking temperature? | Extrinsic factors. |
| What abnormalities should you look for when checking pupils? | Pinpoint, fixed and dilated, anisocoria(Unequal pupils) |
| What should you be looking for when checking the skin? | Colour, temperature and moisture |
| What is another term for skin that looks white? | Pallor |
| What is mottled skin and what could it mean? | Patchy discolouration of skin. It could mean the patient is in shock. (Decreased circulatory output) |
| What is jaundice? | Yellow looking skin. |
| What is the average body temperature? | Approximately 37 degrees celsius. |
| What is the average blood glucose level? | 4-8mmol/L |
| When doing head-toe and functional inquiry, what are the three box standard questions you should ask? | Any chest pain, light headedness or dizziness and any recent cough, cold or flu? |
Created by:
Levelstorm3950