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Chapter 10

QuestionAnswer
Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called _________. antibiotics
Antimicrobials that are effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed _________. broad-spectrum drugs
Antibiotics are derived from all of the following except _________. Staphylococcus
Important characteristics of antimicrobial drugs include _________. Low toxicity for human tissue, high toxicity against microbial cells, do not cause serious side effects in humans, stable and soluble in body tissue and fluids
The use of a drug to prevent a person at risk of an imminent infection is called _________. prophylaxis
The use of any chemical in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease is called _________. chemotherapy
Selective toxicity refers to _________. damage to the target organisms but not host cells
Each of the following affect cell walls except _________. erythromycin
Aminoglycosides _________. attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
Each of the following target bacterial ribosomes except _________. polymyxins
Sulfonamides _________. block folic acid synthesis
Sulfa drugs work on _________. folic acid biosynthesis
A chemical that inhibits beta-lactamase enzymes is _________. clavulanic acid
What type of chemical will allow some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins? Penicillinase
Which antimicrobial does not inhibit cell wall synthesis? Tetracycline
Which drug is used to treat cases of tuberculosis? Isoniazid
What cell wall inhibiting drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance? Vancomycin
Clavulanic acid _________. inhibits B-lactamase activity
Gram-negative rods are often treated with _________. aminoglycosides
Which antimicrobial does not interfere with protein synthesis? Trimethroprim
Created by: A00601845
 

 



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