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Chapter 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following microbial forms have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls? | Bacterial endospores |
| The process that destroys or removes all microorganisms and microbial forms including bacterial endospores on inanimate objects is _________. | sterilization |
| The use of a physical or chemical process to destroy vegetative pathogens is _________. | disinfection |
| The use of chemical agents directly on exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens is _________. | antisepsis |
| The easiest microbial forms to kill or inhibit are _________. | vegetative bacteria and fungi |
| The method of removing vegetative microbial life forms from inanimate objects is termed _________. | disinfection |
| A cleansing method that mechanically removes microbes and other debris to reduce contamination is _________. | sanitization |
| Which is correct regarding the rate of microbial death? | Cells in a culture die at a constant rate |
| Microbial death occurs when there is _________. | permanent loss of reproduction |
| Some microbial control agents are able to _________ cell proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the native state (three-dimensional configuration) of the proteins. | denature |
| Physical agents for controlling microbial growth include all the following except _________. | hydrogen peroxide |
| Sterilization is achieved by _________. | steam autoclave |
| Dry heat _________ | is less efficient than moist heat |
| The most efficient sterilizing conditions in a steam autoclave are _________. | 121°C at 15 psi for 15 minutes |
| The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the _________. | thermal death time (TDT) |
| The lowest temperature needed to kill all microbes in 10 minutes is the _________. | thermal death point (TDP) |
| DNA repair mechanisms can help alleviate the effects of _________. | UV radiation |
| Microbial control methods that kill _________ are able to sterilize. | endospores |
| Disinfection procedures must take into account _________. | The mixture of microbes being targeted, wheather the microbes in biofilms are dispersed, the amount of organic matter associated with the microbes |
| The most versatile method for sterilizing heat-sensitive liquids is _________. | filtration |
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