Cattell’s Definition of Personality

that which permits prediction of what a person will do in a given situation → R = f(P,S)

the basic unit of study; it is a mental structure, inferred from behavior, and a fundamental construct that accounts for behavioral regularity or consistency

clusters of overt behaviors that tend to co-occur (e.g., honest, thoughtful, disciplined) Observable through causal observation Related to other surface traits, Do not explain personality structure

surface trait example

easily provoked to anger, brusque in speech, quick to criticize others → labeled as hostile

underlying variables that give rise to surface behaviors (e.g., ego strength) Form structural core of personality, Allow for economy in describing individuals, Have a causal influence on behavior enable prediction Likely arise from heredity/ environment

low frustration tolerance or high irritability → produces hostile surface traits

Statistical technique that identified clusters of related variables (traits) by examining patterns of correlations

Cattell identified 16 basic source traits considered the building blocks of personality

Ex: assertiveness (dominance-submissiveness dimension)

High → dominant, forceful personality Low → submissive, humble personality

dimensions used to describe and differentiate groups and institutions, Analogous to personality at the group level

syntality characteristics

Refers to the personality of a group Group behavior can be predicted from these underlying , dimensions, Term reflects a sense of togetherness or totality Conceptually similar to personality, but at a collective level

Openness to experience:

imaginative, curious, creative, broad interested, aesthetically sensitive

organized, responsible, reliable, disciplined, achievement-oriented

sociable, talkative, active, dominant, positive affect

trusting, cooperative, sympathetic, good-natured

anxious, insecure, emotionally unstable (low emotional stability/ego strength)

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factor analysis etc

Term	Definition
Cattell’s Definition of Personality	that which permits prediction of what a person will do in a given situation → R = f(P,S)
cattell -- traits	the basic unit of study; it is a mental structure, inferred from behavior, and a fundamental construct that accounts for behavioral regularity or consistency
surface traits	clusters of overt behaviors that tend to co-occur (e.g., honest, thoughtful, disciplined) Observable through causal observation Related to other surface traits, Do not explain personality structure
surface trait example	easily provoked to anger, brusque in speech, quick to criticize others → labeled as hostile
source traits	underlying variables that give rise to surface behaviors (e.g., ego strength) Form structural core of personality, Allow for economy in describing individuals, Have a causal influence on behavior enable prediction Likely arise from heredity/ environment
source trait example	low frustration tolerance or high irritability → produces hostile surface traits
factor analysis	Statistical technique that identified clusters of related variables (traits) by examining patterns of correlations
16FP	Cattell identified 16 basic source traits considered the building blocks of personality
Ex: assertiveness (dominance-submissiveness dimension)	High → dominant, forceful personality Low → submissive, humble personality
syntality	dimensions used to describe and differentiate groups and institutions, Analogous to personality at the group level
syntality characteristics	Refers to the personality of a group Group behavior can be predicted from these underlying , dimensions, Term reflects a sense of togetherness or totality Conceptually similar to personality, but at a collective level
Openness to experience:	imaginative, curious, creative, broad interested, aesthetically sensitive
Conscientiousness	organized, responsible, reliable, disciplined, achievement-oriented
Extraversion:	sociable, talkative, active, dominant, positive affect
Agreeableness:	trusting, cooperative, sympathetic, good-natured
Neuroticism	anxious, insecure, emotionally unstable (low emotional stability/ego strength)

Created by: user-2038953

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