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Pharmacology Final

QuestionAnswer
Which is the definition of the term pharmacology? the study of drugs
Which is the definition of the term pharmacodynamics? the body's response to drugs
Which is the definition of anatomy? the study of the structure of body parts
Which is the definition of physiology? the study of the functions of cells, tissues, and organs of living organisms
Which is the definition of pathology? the study of the disease process
Which is the source of the drug digitalis? a plant
The passage of a drug from its site of administration into the bloodstream is referred as absorption
Which term describes the transportation of a drug from the bloodstream to the body tissues and intended site of action? distribution
Which of the following influences metabolism? enzymes
Which term describes the body's way of removing the waste products of ordinary cell processes? excretion
Which statement describes the action that antihistamines have on the body? Slow the body's natural reactions to irritation.
Which statement describes the action that stimulants have on the body? speeds up the energy-producing functions of cells
Which term describes a way of expressing an amount that is part of a whole? fraction
Which term describes the number of parts you are taking of the whole? numerator
In the fraction 4/9, the number 4 is the numerator
Which statement describes how to reduce a fraction? Divide both the numerator and the denominator by the largest number that will go into them evenly.
When doing calculations, mixed numbers must be changed to improper fractions.
Which is an example of an improper fraction? 5/4
The process of administering medications by injection using a needle and syringe is parenteral medication administration.
All of the following are routes to administer a parenteral medication except oral
The parenteral route involves breaking through the skin's protective covering, which increases the risk of infection
A standard hypodermic needle is calibrated in cubic centimeters.
Which term describes how an insulin syringe is calibrated? in units
Which statement describes how a tuberculin syringe is calibrated? hundredths of cubic centimeters
Which term describes combinations of drugs with other ingredients that allow for easier ingestion, dosage control, and application to various body parts? preparations
Which statement describes classifications of medication forms? liquids; semiliquids; semisolids; solids
Which of the following is classified as a liquid preparation? syrup
The key ingredient in a drug that produces a therapeutic effect is referred to as an active ingredient.
A preparation that must be shaken prior to administration is a suspension.
All of the following dosage forms contain alcohol except syrups
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) developed MyPlate to assist in food buying and preparation. It is based on a diet of _________calories per day. 2000
All of the following are conditions in which supplementation of the diet with vitamins and minerals may be necessary except adolescence
An organic substance necessary for metabolism and normal growth and development in an individual is called a(n) vitamins
Yellow fruits and to vegetables, green leafy vegetables, and sunlight contain fat-soluble vitamins.
Catalysts for protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism are found in water-soluble vitamins.
A megadose of supplementation is defined as 10–20 times the RDA.
Which term describes an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause infection? infection
One-celled plants and animals are called microorganisms.
Which term describes microbes that produce infection and disease? pathogens
Which bacteria would cause an infection deep within the body, such as in a joint? anaerobic bacteria
Which term refers to round-shaped bacteria? cocci
Which is the most important defense mechanism of the external immune system? Skin
The transparent anterior portion of the eye is the cornea
Which term describes the "white" of the eye? sclera
Which structure gives the eye its color? iris
Which term means farsightedness, a condition that normally occurs as a result of the aging process? presbyopia
Age-related blurred vision can be corrected with bifocal lenses.
As a patient ages which visual structure undergoes decreased tear production, causing dry, irritated eyes? lacrimal ducts
All of the following terms describe a part of the integumentary system except fascia.
Which statement does not describe a function of skin? trigger for hormonal secretions during stress
When the body temperature elevates and causes the blood vessels of the dermis to dilate, which sign or symptom may occur? perspiration
Which term describes the outermost layer of skin? epidermis
Which type of cells contain a skin-color pigment that gives a person's skin its characteristic color? melanocytes
Which term describes a hard protein contained in the cells of the epidermis, nails, and hair that is both waterproof and a barrier to pathogens and chemicals? keratin
A patient diagnosed with edema associated with congestive heart failure (CHF) and hypertension would be prescribed diuretics
Which drug classification is indicated for treating high cholesterol? antilipemics
Which drug classification does Warfarin sodium (Coumadin) belong? anticoagulant
Before administering digoxin, the healthcare worker must check the apical pulse. Digoxin should not be given if the pulse is below 60 bpm.
Which of the following is the average adult blood pressure? 120/80
The average adult pulse should be 60–100 bpm.
What term refers to the exchange of gases between blood and air? respiration
Which structures warm and moisten the air and trap dust particles and bacteria? cilia
Which structure has a function in both the respiratory and digestive systems? pharynx
Food and saliva are kept from entering the lungs by which structure? epiglottis
Which structures are the functional units of the lung? alveoli
A technique whereby a probe is attached to the ear, finger, toe, or bridge of the nose to measure the oxygen concentration of the blood is which of the following? pulse oximetry
The mechanical action of breaking up food into smaller pieces is performed by which structure? mouth
The rhythmic contractions of the lining of the GI tract to push food along the passageway is defined as which of the following? peristalsis
Which term describes chemical substances that aid digestion and are secreted by the glands in the mouth, the lining of the stomach, and from the accessory organs? enzymes
During the digestive process which structure works to absorb nutrients into the bloodstream? small intestine
Which structure prepares undigested substances for elimination from the body? large intestine
All of the following are functions of saliva except signaling the esophagus to begin peristalsis.
All of the following are functions of the urinary system except producing adrenalin in response to stress.
Which of the following terms describes the functional unit of the kidney? nephron
The ureter, the bladder, and the urethra are collectively termed the organs of elimination
Which of the following statements is true? Urine contains 95 percent water and 5 percent solutes.
How many mL urine will the walls of the bladder in healthy adults hold? 600
Which body systems share the urethra in a male? reproductive; urinary
Which of the following terms is used to describe the external and internal reproductive organs? genitalia
Which of the following terms is used to describe the female reproductive cells? ova
Which of the following terms describes the release of an ovum from an ovary? ovulation
How many hours after the ovum is released from the ovary can it be fertilized? 72
Which of the following terms is used to describe the structure that contains and nourishes the fertilized ovum as it develops? uterus
Which of the following terms describes the entrance of the uterus? cervix
Which of the following are the main regulators of metabolism, growth and development, reproduction, homeostasis, energy production, and immunity? hormones
Which of the following is the gland at the base of the brain, known as the master gland? pituitary
A condition that results from the overproduction of growth hormone in an adult is acromegaly
Which of the following glands is (are) not controlled by the pituitary? parathyroid glands
The gland wrapped around the trachea, just below the larynx is known as which of the following? thyroid
The major function of the thyroid gland is to perform which of the following? Control metabolism.
All of the following are functions of the musculoskeletal system except temperature regulation.
Which of the following is found in the spaces between bone cells resulting in the bones becoming harder? calcium
All of the following are classification of bones except cranial bones.
Which of the following are examples of short bones? carpals, tarsals
Red blood cells, certain white blood cells, and platelets are formed in which type of tissue? red bone marrow
Which of the following terms describes a place where two or more bones come together? joint
Which of the following make up the nervous system? brain, spinal cord, nerves
Walking and talking are voluntary actions.
Breathing, heartbeat, and blood vessel contractions are sympathetic actions.
Which of the following structures are part of the central nervous system? brain and spinal cord
Which of the following are the primary functional units of the nervous system? neurons
All of the following are parts of a nerve cell except synapse
Alterations in the level of which neurotransmitter are associated with changes in behavior? serotonin
All of the following neurotransmitters/neurohormones play a role in mental health except epinephrine.
Which of the following neurotransmitters/neurohormones affect sleep, arousal, and memory? dopamine and norepinephrine
Which of the following terms describes a substantial psychological, social, and occupational disability in which the person experiences considerable suffering and a significant change in usual functioning? major depression
Which of the following terms describes a condition characterized by a minimal psychological, social, and occupational impairment that occurs in early childhood to early adulthood? dysthymia
An individual’s inability to recognize reality, a demonstration of bizarre behaviors, and an inability to deal with life's demands is known to be suffering from which of the following conditions? psychosis
All of the following are functions of a cell except regulate temperature.
Which of the following is not a specialization performed by cells? synthesizing minerals and electrolytes
All of the following are cell types in the human body except chlorophyll
A cell's ability to divide into two is which of the following? reproduction
Which process allows for damaged cells, due to disease and trauma, to be replaced through reproduction? healing
Which of the following statements explains why older adults have special medical needs that include the necessity of adjusting drug dosages for age? Digestion, energy production, and excretion all slow down.
The branch of medicine pertaining to diseases and disorders of infants and children is which of the following? pediatrics
A physician trained in caring for infants and children is which of the following healthcare providers? pediatrician
The period extending from birth to the end of the first year of life for an individual is which of the following? infancy
Which of the following terms describes the period of life extending from infancy to puberty? childhood
The period of accelerated growth rate and sexual development generally occurring around age 12 in girls and age 14 in boys is which of the following terms? puberty
Infants and small children do not have fully developed bodies and are not able to metabolize and excrete drugs like an adult would. As a result, infants and children require _____doses of medication. smaller
Which of the following statements is true about the population aged 65 years and older? It is the fastest-growing segment of the population, increasing at 2 percent each year.
Which of the following is one of the most important ways in which geriatric medicine differs from medical care delivered to younger patients? medication therapy
All of the following factors affect a drug's effect, metabolism, and toxicity except generic versus brand-name form.
Older adults make up the largest group of users of pharmaceuticals
Older adults account for over _________blank percent of all written prescriptions and over _________ percent of all over-the-counter drug and herbal remedies usage. 30; 40
The study of aging is referred to as which of the following terms? gerontology
Created by: Nisha97
 

 



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