form of pulmonary edema that is caused by fluid accumulation in the interstitial space within the lungs

Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

a disease characterized by a decreased ability of the lungs to perform the function of ventilation

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) -

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Med terminology

Question	Answer
conduction of the electrical impulse through the heart’s conductive system in an abnormal fashion	Aberrant conduction
scraping or abrading away of the superficial layers of the skin; an open soft tissue injury	Abrasion
the period of the cardiac cycle when stimulation will not produce any depolarization whatever	Absolute refractory period
immunity that develops over time and results from exposure to an antigen	Acquired immunity
acquired immunity that occurs following exposure to an antigen and results in the production of antibodies specific for the antigen	Active immunity
the sudden occlusion of arterial blood flow	Acute arterial occlusion
form of pulmonary edema that is caused by fluid accumulation in the interstitial space within the lungs	Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
a substance capable of inducing of specific hypersensitivity. May be protein or non-protein although most are protein.	Allergen
exaggerated response by the immune system to a foreign substance.	Allergic Reaction:
a hypertensive state acquired though exposure to a particular allergen	Allergy
severance, removal, or detachment, either partial or complete, of a body part.	Amputation
an unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign protein or other substance	Anaphylaxis
a weakening or ballooning in the wall of a blood vessel.	Aneurysm
chest pain that results when the blood supply’s oxygen demands exceed the heart’s.	Angina pectoris
marked edema of the skin that usually involves the head, neck, and upper airway a common manifestation of severe allergic reaction and anaphylaxis	Angio edema:
the absence or near absence of oxygen	Anoxia
principle agent of a chemical attack of an invading substance	Antibody
any substance that is capable under appropriate conditions of inducing as specific immune response	Antigen
absence of breathing	Apnea
the absence of cardiac electrical activity; often used interchangeably with dysrhythmia.	Arrhythmia
a thickening, loss of elasticity, and hardening of the walls of the arteries from calcium deposits	Arteriosclerosis
deflection on the ECG produced by factors other than the heart’s electrical activity.	Artifact
bulges in flanks and abdo	Ascites
a decrease in the amount of oxygen and an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide as a result of some interference with respiration	Asphyxia
a progressive, degenerative disease of the medium-sized and large arteries.	Atherosclerosis
listening with a stethoscope for sounds produced by the body	Auscultation
forceful tearing away or separation of body tissue; an avulsion may be partial or complete.	Avulsion
big toe dorsi flex and other toes fan out when sole is stimulated.	Babinski response
ventilation device consisting of a self inflating bag with two one way values and a transparent plastic face mask	Bag-valve mask
type of white blood cell that participates in allergic responses	Basophil
black and blue discoloration over the mastoid process	Battle’s sign
ECG leads apply to the arms and legs that contain two electrodes of opposite polarity (leads 1, 2, 3).	Bipolar leads
force of blood again arterial walls	Blood pressure
pulse rate slower than 60 BPM	Bradycardia
slow breathing	Bradypnea
the sound of turbulent blood flow through a vessel; usually associated with atherosclerotic disease	Bruit
a kind of interventricular heart block in which conduction through either the right or left bundle branch is blocked or delayed	Bundle branch block
an accessory AV conduction pathway that is thought to be responsible for the ECG findings of pre-excitation syndrome.	Bundle of Kent
the measurement of exhaled carbon dioxide concentration	Capnography
the absence of ventricular contraction	Cardiac arrest
machine displays electrical activity of the heart	Cardiac monitor
accumulation of excess fluid inside the pericardium	Cardiac tamponade
the inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion	Cardiogenic shock
immunity resulting from a direct attack of a foreign substance by specialized cells of the immune system	Cellular immunity
a disease characterized by a decreased ability of the lungs to perform the function of ventilation	Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) -
severe pain in the calf muscle due to inadequate blood supply. It typically occurs with exertion and subsides with rest.	Claudication
air enters the pleural space through an opening in the pleura that covers the lung	Closed pneumothorax
tough, strong protein that comprises most of the body’s connective tissue.	Collagen
associated disease process.	Co-morbidity
muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures within an anatomic fascial space.	Compartment syndrome -
the stiffness or flexibility of the lung tissue	Compliance
condition in which the heart’s reduced stroke volume causes an overload of fluid in the body’s other tissues	Congestive heart failure (CHF)
closed wound in which the skin is unbroken, although damage has occurred to the tissue immediately beneath.	Contusion
hypertrophy of the right ventricle resulting from disorders of the lung	Cor pulmonale
light crackling and popping heard during inspiration	Crackles
crunching sounds of unlubricated parts of joints rubbing against each other.	Crepitation
crackling sounds	Crepitus
mechanism of injury in which tissue is locally compressed by high pressure forces.	Crush injury
systemic disorder of severe metabolic disturbances resulting from the crush of a limb or other body part	Crush syndrome
discolouration around the umbilicus	Cullen’s sign
disease affecting the heart, peripheral blood vessels or both.	CVD (Cardiovascular disease)
bluish discoloration of the skin due to significantly reduced hemoglobin in the blood. The condition is directly related to poor ventilation	Cyanosis
arms and legs extended.	Decerebrate
arms flexed, legs extended	Decorticate
-a blood clot in the vein.	Deep venous thrombosis
the process of passing an electrical current through a fibrillating heart todepolarize a critical mass of myocardial cells. This allows them to depolarize uniformly, resulting in an organized rhythm.	Defibrillation
avulsion in which the mechanism of injury tears the skin off the underlying muscle, tissue, blood vessels, and bone.	Degloving injury
it takes place after the elapse of some time followingre-exposure to an antigen. These reactions are usually less severe than immediate reactions	Delayed hypersensitivity reaction
sweatiness	Diaphoresis
force of blood when heart is relaxed	Diastolic blood pressure
the movement of molecules through a membrane from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration	Diffusion
aneurysm caused when blood gets between and separatesthe layers of the aortic wall.	Dissecting aortic aneurysm
duration from the beginning of the cardiac arrest until effective CPR is established.	Down time
difficult or labored breathing; a sensation of “shortness of breath”	Dyspnea
any deviation from the normal electrical rhythm of the heart.	Dysrhythmias
blue black discoloration of the skin due to leakage of blood into the tissues	Ecchymosis
cardiac depolarization resulting from depolarization of ectopic focus.	Ectopic beat
non-pacemaker heart cell that automatically depolarizes	Ectopic focus
the graphic recording of the heart’s electrical activity. It may be displayed either on paper or on an oscilloscope	Electrocardiogram
early stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells migrate over the surface of the wound.	Epithelialization
general reddening of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries	Erythema
removing a tube from a body opening	Extubation
specialized cells that form collagen	Fibroblasts
3 or more ribs fractured in two or more places, creating an unattached rib segment	Flail chest
death of tissue or bone, usually from an insufficient blood supply; deep space infection usually caused by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium perfringens.	Gangrene
tool used to measure BGL	Glucometer
white blood cells charged with the primary purpose of neutralizing foreign bacteria.	Granulocytes
discoloration over the flanks suggesting intra-abdominal bleeding.	Grey-Turner’s sign
collection of blood beneath the skin or trapped within a body compartment.	Hematoma
the transport protein that carries oxygen in the blood	Hemoglobin
condition where air and blood are in the pleural space	Hemopneumothorax
coughing of blood that has origin in the respiratory tract.	Hemoptysis
the body’s natural ability to stop bleeding, the ability to clot blood.	Hemostasis
blood within the pleural space.	Hemothorax
a product of mast cells and basophils that cause vasodilation, capillary permeability, bronchoconstriction and contraction of the gut	Histamine:
immunity resulting from attack of an invading substance by antibodies	Humoral immunity
any of an order of highly specialized insects such as bees and wasps	Hymenoptera
an unexpected and exaggerated reaction to a particular antigen it is used synonymously with term allergy	Hypersensitivity:
blood pressure higher than normal	Hypertension
an acute elevation of blood pressure that requires the blood pressure to be lowered within one hour; characterized by end-organ changes, such as hypertensive encephalopathy, renal failure, or boldness	Hypertensive emergency
increased in body’s core temperature	Hyperthermia
blood pressure lower than normal	Hypotension
decrease in body’s core temperature	Hypothermia
state in which insufficient oxygen is available to meet the oxygen requirements of the cells	Hypoxia
reaction that occurs swiftly following re-exposure to an antigen.these are usually more severe then delayed reactions. The swiftest and most severe of such reactions is anaphylaxis	Immediate hypertensive immune reaction:
complex cascade of events within the body that woks towards the destruction or inactivation of pathogens, abnormal cells, or foreign molecules	Immune Response
the body system responsible for combating infection	Immune System:
very smooth or surgical laceration, frequently caused by a knife, scalpel, razor blade, or piece of glass	Incision
immunity achieved through vaccination given to generate an immune response that results in the development of antibodies specific for the injected antigen, also called artificially acquired immunity	Induced active immunity:
complex process of local cellular and biochemical changes as a consequence of injury or infection; an early stage of healing	Inflammation
the process of informed observation	Inspection
a formation resulting from overproduction of scar tissue	Keloid
sounds of blood hitting arterial walls	Korotkoff sounds
an open wound, normally a tear with jagged borders	Laceration
any disruption on normal tissue	Lesion
inflammation of the lymph channels, usually as a result of a distal infection.	Lymphangitis
immune system cell that has the ability to recognize and ingest foreign antigens.	Macrophage
specialized cell of immune system that contains chemicals that assist in the immune response	Mast cells:
death and subsequent necrosis of the heart muscle caused by inadequate blood supply	Myocardial infarction (MI)
oxygen catheter placed at nares	Nasal cannula
excessive widening of the nares with respiration	Nasal flaring
uncuffed tube that allows a nature curvature of the nasalpharynx, passing through the nose and extending from the nostril to the posterior pharynx	Nasopharyngeal airway
genetically pre-determined immunity that is present at birth, also called innate immunity	Natural immunity
immunity that begins to develop after birth and is continually enhanced by exposures to new pathogens and antigens throughout life	Naturally acquired immunity
tissue death, usually from ischemia	Necrosis
new growth of capillaries in response to healing	Neovascularization
pause following an ectopic beat when the SA node is depolarized and the underlying cadence of the heart is interrupted	Non-compensatory pause
the normal heart rate rhythm.	Normal sinus rhythm
air enters the pleural space through an injury to the chest wall.	Open pneumothorax
semi circular device that follows the palates curvature	Oropharyngeal airway
dyspnea while lying supine	Orthopnea
paleness	Pallor
Palpation	using your sense of touch to gather info
asymmetrical chest wall movement that lessens respiratory efficiency	Paradoxical breathing
short attacks of dyspnea that occur at night and interrupt sleep	Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea
acquired immunity that results from administration of antibodies either from the mother to the infant across the placenta barrier or through vaccination	Passive immunity:
a disease-producing agent or substance	Pathogen:
the production of sound waves by striking one object against another	Percussion
blood movement through and organ or tissue	Perfusion
a restriction to cardiac filling caused by blood (or other fluid) within the pericardial sac.	Pericardial Tamponade
area of the chest wall overlying the heart.	Pericardium
black and blue discoloration surrounding the eye sockets	Periorbital ecchymosis
process in which a cell surrounds and absorbs a bacterium or other particle	Phagocytosis
squeaking of pleural linings	Pleural friction rub
air in the pleural space.	Pneumothorax
an excess of red blood cells	Polycythemia
a method of holding the alveoli open by increasing expiratory pressure.	Positive End Expiratory Pressure (PEEP)
initial, generalized response to an antigen	Primary response
variant of angina pectoris caused by vasospasm of the coronary arteries, not blockage per se; also called vasospastic angina or atypical angina.	Prinzmetal’s angina
blood clot in one of the pulmonary arteries.	Pulmonary embolism (PE)
a measurement of hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the peripheral tissues	Pulse Oximetry
difference between systolic and diastolic pressures	Pulse pressure
strength which can be weak strong thready or bounding	Pulse quality
number of pulses felt in one minute	Pulse rate
pattern and equality of intervals between beats.	Pulse rhythm
alternating amplitude of the P, QRS, and T waves on the ECG rhythm strip as the heart swings in a pendulum-like fashion within the pericardial sac during tamponade.	Pulsus alternans
Drop of greater than 10 mmHg in the systolic blood pressure during the inspiratory phase of respiration that occurs in patients with pericardial tamponade	Pulsus Paradoxus
specific soft-tissue injury involving a deep, narrow wound to the skin and underlying organs that carries an increased danger of infection	Puncture
period from the beginning of the QRS to the end of the T wave	QT interval
the period of time when myocardial cell have not yet completely repolarized and cannot be stimulated again	Refractory period
the period of the cardiac cycle when a sufficiently strong stimulus may produce depolarization.	Relative refractory period
stage in the wound healing process in which collagen is broken down and re-laid in an orderly fashion.	Remodeling
the exchange of gases between a living organism and its environment	Respiration
how hard the pt. works to breath	Respiratory effort
number of times pt. breaths in a minute	Respiratory rate
provision of efforts to return a spontaneous pulse and breathing	Resuscitation
resuscitation results in the patient’s having a spontaneous pulse.	Return of spontaneous circulation
acute disease that involves the destruction of skeletal muscle	Rhabdomyolysis
continuous sounds with a lower pitch (snoring quality)	Rhonchi
response by the immune system that takes place if the body is exposed to the same antigen again; in this response, antibodies specific for the offending antigen is released	Secondary response
sitting up at 45 degrees	Semi-Fowler’s position
initial exposure of a person to an antigen that results in an immune response	Sensitization
blood pressure measuring device	Sphygmomanometer
collection of air in the pleural space that occurs spontaneously, in the absence of blunt or penetrating trauma	Spontaneous Pneumothorax
inspiratory wheeze associated with laryngeal obstruction	Stridor
presence of air in the subcutaneous tissue	Subcutaneous emphysema
death within one hour after the onset of symptoms	Sudden death
the passage of an electric current through the heart during a specific part of the cardiac cycle to terminate certain kinds of dysrhythmias	Synchronized cardioversion
force of blood when ventricle contract	Systolic blood pressure
a heart rate of more than 100 bpm.	Tachycardia
fast breathing	Tachypnea
Tension lines	natural patterns in the surface of the skin revealing tensions within
develops when air in the pleural space cannot escape, causing a buildup of pressure and collapse of the lung.	Tension Pneumothorax
amount of air move in and out of lungs in one breath	Tidal volume
any poisonous chemical secreted by bacteria or released following destruction of bacteria	Toxin
any position of the trachea other then midline	Tracheal deviation
retraction of the tissues of the neck due to airway obstruction or dyspnea	Tracheal tugging
the structures of the trachea and the bronchi.	Tracheobronchial Tree
myocardial infarction that affects the full thickness of the myocardium and almost always results in a pathological Q wave in the affected leads.	Transmural infarction
normal tension of skin	Turgor
an interference with air movement through the upper airway	Upper Airway Obstruction
the raised areas of wheals, that occur on the skin associated with vasodilation due to histamine release commonly called hives	Urticaria
dilated superficial veins, usually in the lower extremity	Varicose veins
inflammation of blood vessels	Vasculitis
the mechanical process of moving air in and out of the lungs	Ventilation
high flow mask that uses a venture system to deliver relatively precise oxygen flow	Venturi Mask
continuous musical sounds	Wheezes

Created by: user-2038824

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