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SCIENCE elevate
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the two ways geologists describe the age of rocks | relative age and absolute age |
| Relative age | the age compared to others |
| absolute age | amount of years that passed after the rock formed |
| Why do we want to know the ages of rocks | it helps us create a time line |
| what is strata | horizontal layers |
| What is igneous intrusion | Lava that hardens on a surface |
| How does igneous intrusion help determine relative age | it is younger than the rocks it covers and around it |
| How does faults intrusion help determine relative age | it is younger than the rocks it covers and around it |
| How do geologist find the relative age of a fault | to find the youngest rock it cuts |
| What are fossils and what evidence are they | preserved remains or traces of living things; existence, diversity, and change in lifeforms through the history of earth |
| What is a index fossil | An organism that is widely distributed and existed for a short time, and they only show up in a few layers |
| Why are index fossils helpful | they tell the relative ages in the rock layers they occur in |
| what is an unconformity | when theres a gap in the geological record and new layers meet much more older layers |
| what is folding | When layers fold duh |
| why did scientist create the geological time scale | to organize the vast number of years to a manageable period |
| what is the geological time scale | the geological record of events and evolution |
| What were the tree main eras | Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic |
| What was the first tme span | Precambrian |
| What happened during the Paleozoic era | life increased in complexity and Pangaea formed. |
| What happened during the Mesozoic era | Dinosaurs became dominate and Pangea broke apart |
| What happened during the Cenozoic era | Mammals became dominate land animals and continents moved to their current position |
| What defines the end of a period | A major event (example, mass extinction ) |
| What happened during the Cambrian Explosion | During the first part of the Paleozoic era, life too a big leap forward and a explosion of new life occurred in a short time. |
| Which organisms were common at the Cambrian boom | everything lived at sea, so many invertebrates like jellyfish, worms, sponges, calm-like brachiopods, and trilobites |
| What came after the Cambrian | Ordovician |
| What evolved during the Ordovician | Insects and vertibrates |
| What came after the Ordovician | Silurian |
| What evolved during the Silurian | Aquatic plants |
| What came after the Devonian | plants started evolving to a more terrestrial form, there were every group of fish, vertebras that began to live on land |
| Why is the Devonian called the age of fish | Every main group of fish were present, including jaws, bony skeletons and scales |
| what is an amphibian | an animal that lives on both water and land |
| What period came after the Devonian? | Carboniferous |
| What evolved during the carboniferous | Eggs with liquids inside evolved allowing animals to lay eggs on land *amniote egg) |
| Which adaptation coincides with reptiles | amniote eggs |
| Which period did we have giant bugs and plants that resemble tropical temperate areas today | Carboniferous |
| What did the formation of Pangea cause | deserts to expand and ice to begin to drift toward the southern poles |
| What happened in the Permian period | There was a mass extinction getting rid of 90% of ocean species and 70% of land species, ending of the Paleozoic |
| What do scientists think cause the mass extinction of the Permian period | Volcanoes erupted and temperatures rose. Volcano blocked sunlight |
| What survived the Permian | fish, conifers, insects, reptiles |
| What is referred the to age of reptiles and while | Mesozoic era because they were so successful |
| Which period did the first dino appear in | the first period of the Mesozoic era, the Triassic |
| Which period did the first mammal appear in | the first period of the Mesozoic era, the Triassic |
| Which period came after the Triassic | Jurassic |
| Who was dominate during the Jurassic | Dinos |
| Which period came after the Jurassic | Cretaceous |
| What is one of the key things from the Cretaceous | Evolution of flowering plants and Angiosperms, plants started bearing fruit with seeds inside |
| What did scientists hypothesize to be the cause of the mass extinction that occurred at the end of the Cretaceous | They thought an asteroid hit at a time of high volcanic activity |
| What caused mammals to become dominat | the mass extinction at the end of the cretaceous |
| What were the first two periods of the cenozoic era | the Paleogene and Neogene |
| What happened in the Paleogene and Neogene | Earth became colder, continents drifted, ocean basins widened allowing dolphins and whales, mammals became really big, forests thinned making space for flowering plants and grasses to become more dominate |
| What happened at the start of the quaternary | Earths climate cooled and 30% of it was under ice |
| Which period did humans start to appear? | Quarternary |
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Voxisthebest