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Stack #4672592
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cuban Missile Crisis (1962) | Cold War confrontation between the U.S. and USSR over Soviet missiles in Cuba; brought the world close to nuclear war. |
| Pearl Harbor (1941) | Japanese surprise attack on U.S. naval base in Hawaii; led to U.S. entry into WWII. |
| Treaty of Alliance (1778) | Agreement between the U.S. and France during the Revolutionary War; France provided military support. |
| NYC Draft Riots (1863) | Violent protests in New York against Civil War conscription, fueled by racial tensions and class resentment. |
| Antietam (1862) | Bloodiest single-day battle of the Civil War; led to Lincoln issuing the Emancipation Proclamation. |
| Ostend Manifesto (1854) | Proposal that the U.S. should buy or take Cuba from Spain; increased tensions over slavery expansion. |
| James Oglethorpe | Founder of Georgia colony; created it as a debtor colony and buffer against Spanish Florida. |
| Samuel Slater | Introduced British textile machinery to the U.S.; helped start the American Industrial Revolution. |
| Battle of San Jacinto (1836) | Final battle of Texas Revolution; Texas won independence from Mexico. |
| Wilmot Proviso (1846) | Proposed banning slavery in territory gained from Mexico; increased sectional conflict. |
| Dawes Severalty Act (1887) | Broke up Native American reservations into individual plots to encourage assimilation; weakened tribal culture. |
| Alliance for Progress (1961) | JFK program to improve relations and economic conditions in Latin America to prevent communism. |
| Rosie the Riveter | Symbol of women working industrial jobs during WWII. |
| Gospel of Wealth | Idea (Carnegie) that the rich should use their wealth to help society. |
| Open Door Policy (1899–1900) | U.S. policy promoting equal trade access in China. |
| Great Migration (20th c.) | Movement of African Americans from the rural South to urban North/West for jobs and to escape segregation. |
| AAA (Agricultural Adjustment Act) | New Deal program that paid farmers to reduce production to raise prices. |
| Sir Edmund Andros | Governor of the Dominion of New England; unpopular for limiting colonial self-government. |
| XYZ Affair (1797–98) – Diplomatic incident with France involving bribery demands; led to Quasi-War. | Diplomatic incident with France involving bribery demands; led to Quasi-War. |
| McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) | Supreme Court case affirming federal supremacy and implied powers. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1866 – Granted citizenship and equal rights to African Americans. | Granted citizenship and equal rights to African Americans. |
| Pacific Railway Act (1862) | Funded construction of the transcontinental railroad. |
| Greenback Party | Supported paper money (greenbacks) not backed by gold to help farmers/debtors. |
| Lord De La Warr | Early Jamestown governor who imposed strict discipline (“starving time” recovery). |
| Committee of Five | Group that drafted the Declaration of Independence. |
| American Colonization Society | Promoted sending freed slaves to Africa (Liberia). |
| Peninsula Campaign (1862) | Union attempt to capture Richmond; failed. |
| John L. Lewis | Labor leader of the CIO; fought for industrial workers’ rights. |
| Smith-Connally Act (1943) | Allowed federal government to seize industries during wartime strikes. |
| North vs South Advantages | North: industry, railroads, population South: military leadership, defensive war |
| Nonintercourse Act (1809) | Reopened trade with all nations except Britain and France. |
| Gentlemen’s Agreement (1907) | Limited Japanese immigration to the U.S. |
| Harlem Renaissance | Cultural movement celebrating African American art, literature, and music in the 1920s. |
| Cult of Domesticity | Belief that women’s role was in the home (19th century). |
| Sojourner Truth | Abolitionist and women’s rights activist. |
| Oregon Treaty (1846) | Agreement between the U.S. and Britain establishing the U.S.-Canada border at the 49th parallel. |
| Ghost Dance Movement | – Native American religious movement promising the return of land and disappearance of white settlers; led to Wounded Knee. |
| American Protective Association | – Nativist group in the 1890s opposing Catholic immigrants. |
| Interstate Commerce Act (1887) | – First federal law regulating railroads; aimed to ensure fair rates. |
| Pinchot-Ballinger Controversy (1909–10) | – Dispute over conservation policies; split the Republican Party between progressives and conservatives. |
| W.E.B. Du Bois | – African American leader who advocated for immediate civil rights and helped found the NAACP. |
| Hinton R. Helper | – Critic of slavery who argued it hurt poor whites economically. |
| Nisei Regiments | – Japanese American soldiers (WWII), notably the 442nd regiment; among the most decorated units. |
| Lend-Lease Act (1941) | – Allowed the U.S. to supply Allies with war materials before officially entering WWII. |
| Embargo Act (1807) | – Stopped all U.S. exports to pressure Britain and France; hurt the U.S. economy. |
| John Maynard Keynes | – Economist who promoted government spending to stabilize economies (influenced New Deal policies). |
| Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) | – Government agency (Hoover era) that gave loans to banks and businesses during the Great Depression. |
| Massive Retaliation | – Cold War policy of responding to Soviet aggression with overwhelming nuclear force. |
| NATO (1949) | – Military alliance between the U.S., Canada, and Western Europe to counter the Soviet Union. |
| John Locke | – Enlightenment philosopher whose ideas (natural rights, consent of the governed) influenced American democracy. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) | – Supreme Court case that upheld “separate but equal” segregation. |
| Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) – Ruled that African Americans were not citizens and Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories. | – Ruled that African Americans were not citizens and Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories. |
| Schenck v. United States (1919) | – Limited free speech during wartime; established “clear and present danger” test. |
| Berlin Airlift (1948–49) – U.S. and allies supplied West Berlin by air during Soviet blockade. | – U.S. and allies supplied West Berlin by air during Soviet blockade. |
| FDIC | – Federal agency created by the New Deal to insure bank deposits and prevent bank runs. |
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) | – Established judicial review (Supreme Court can declare laws unconstitutional). |
| Executive Order 9981 (1948) | – Truman order desegregating the U.S. military. |
| Joseph McCarthy | – Senator who led anti-communist investigations (“McCarthyism”) in the 1950s. |
| Battle of New Orleans (1815) | – Final battle of War of 1812; U.S. victory boosted nationalism. |
| Report on Public Credit (1790) | – Hamilton’s plan to stabilize U.S. economy through federal assumption of state debts. |
| King Cotton Diplomacy – | Confederate belief that European dependence on cotton would force support for the South. |
| William Lloyd Garrison | – Radical abolitionist; published The Liberator. |
| Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) | – Novel by Harriet Beecher Stowe that exposed the horrors of slavery. |
| Emergency Quota Act (1921) | – Limited immigration based on national origins (early restriction law). |
| Immigration Act of 1924 | – Further restricted immigration; favored Northern Europeans. |
| New England Confederation (1643) | Alliance of Puritan colonies for defense and mutual support. |
| John Brown’s Raid (1859) | – Attempt to start a slave rebellion at Harpers Ferry; increased sectional tensions. |
| Hull House | – Settlement house in Chicago founded by Jane Addams to help immigrants. |
| Virginia Declaration of Rights (1776) | – Document outlining individual rights; influenced the Bill of Rights. |
| Mayflower Compact (1620) | – Agreement for self-government by Pilgrims in Plymouth. |
| Emancipation Proclamation (1863) | – Lincoln’s order freeing slaves in Confederate states. |
| Articles of Confederation | – First U.S. government; weak central authority, strong states. |
| 12th Amendment (1804) | Changed the way the Electoral College works: electors now cast separate votes for president and vice president. |
| 13th Amendment (1865) | Abolished slavery in the United States. |
| 14th Amendment (1868) | Granted citizenship to all born/naturalized in the U.S.; guaranteed equal protection and due process. |
| 15th Amendment (1870) | Prohibited denying voting rights based on race, color, or previous servitude (African American men). |
| 16th Amendment (1913) | Authorized a federal income tax. |
| 17th Amendment (1913) | Established direct election of U.S. senators by the people. |
| 18th Amendment (1919) | Prohibited manufacture, sale, and transport of alcohol (Prohibition). |
| 19th Amendment (1920) | Granted women the right to vote. |
| 20th Amendment (1933) | “Lame duck amendment” — moved inauguration dates; shortened lame-duck period. |
| 21st Amendment (1933) | Repealed the 18th Amendment (ended Prohibition). |
| 22nd Amendment (1951) | Limited presidents to two terms. |
| 25th Amendment (1967) | VP becomes president if the president dies/resigns |
Created by:
gms18155