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Beliefs PTh Exam 2

TermDefinition
1.Mill's Belief of Freedom Utilitarianism, individual freedom, and freedom of expression
2.Mill's reason for opposing censorship Assume infallibility, opinion might be true, opinion might contain truth, if false it can prevent truths from becoming dogma
3.Mill's spheres of absolute freedom Freedom of conscience, freedom of taste and pursuit, and freedom of association
4.Hayek's Belief of Freedom Libertarianism, individual freedom, and perception of freedom
5.Republican Liberty Freedom of structural independence(Presence of democratic constitution and safe guards against government exercising arbitrarily)
6.Berlin's Warning The paradox of positive liberty has been used to justify authoritarianism and oppression
7. Three elements of Freedom Desires, obstacles, and agents
8.Charles Critique of Berlin Berlin's view of freedom is too simplistic
9.Libertarianism belief Right to property, state protection of individuals, and minimal state
10.Critiques of Libertarianism Principle of just acquisition, libertarian notion of rights, and great wealth can be a weapon/power
11.Liberalism Liberty, state redistribution of private property, and big state
12.Marxism Equality, abolition institution of private property, and very big state
13.Bentham's Assumptions Happiness is nothing but pleasure, individuals can evaluate their happiness, policymakers can evaluate too, the evaluation is quantitative, and happiness of each person can be added to the happiness of others for total happiness
14.Rawlsian Theory of Justice Maximizing individual liberty while ensuring the greatest benefit to the least advantage
15.Rawlsian hypothetical contract 1st. equal right to the most extensive liberty, 2nd. social and economic inequalities are to be arranged
16.Nozick End-State conception of Justice Unjust if it is unjust to some people, needs constant interference, and makes the economic system inefficient
17.Nozick Entitlement theory of Justice justice in acquisition, justice is transfer, and rectification of injustice
18.Libertarian Theory of Justice Justice center on the historical acquisition of property and rectifying past injustices
19.Utilittarianism Theory of Justice Justice based on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing suffering, with pleasure in pain as the only intrinsic values
20.Utilitarianism Critiques The interpersonal comparison of utility problem, fails to respect individual/minority rights, and utilitarianism does not stress equality
Created by: Sunny_Yeah
 

 



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