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comm 111z midterm
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Major points developed in the body of the speech | 1. Logical Divisions 2. Reasons 3. Specific Steps |
| Ways to arrange the main points in the body of the speech | 1. Chronologically 2. Topically 3. Spatially 4. Cause and Effect 5. Problem/Solution |
| Words or phrases linking ideas together in the speech | 1. Transitions 2. Internal Preview 3. Internal Summary 4. Signpost |
| 4 Purposes/Components of an introduction | 1. Attention getter 2. Establish Credibility/Goodwill 3. Relate to audience 4. Preview statement (central idea and main points) |
| What are types of attention getters? | 1. Anecdote 2. Startling fact/action 3. Quotes 4. Humor 5. Question 6. Personal Experience 7. Reference to recent event/occasion 8. Activity |
| 4 components of a conclusion | 1. Signal end of speech (transition signal) 2. Reinforce central idea 3. Motivate the audience to respond (call to action) 4. Memorable ending |
| Types of memorable endings | 1. Quotes 2. Humor 3. Anecdotes 4. Questions 5. Reference introduction 6. Appeal to action |
| Anecdote meaning | Short account of a particular incident (life story) |
| What does it mean to establish credibility in a speech? | To establish whether the speaker has the best interests of the audience in mind |
| What does a transition do in a speech? | Indicates the speaker has finished one thought |
| What is an internal preview? | Statement in body of speech summarizing preceding points |
| What is signpost? | A brief statement showing where the speaker is or focusing attention on key ideas |
| Types of supporting material | 1. Examples 2. Statistics 3. Testimony 4. Analogies |
| What is the purpose of an example? | 1. Engage the mind's eye 2. Interest 3. Connect (relate) to the audience |
| Tips for using statistics | 1. Reliable sources 2. Use to quanitfy ideas 3. Use sparingly 4. Identify sources |
| Types of testimony | 1. Expert (recognized) 2. Peer (people with first hand experience) |
| Purpose of analogies | 1. Comparison 2. Known to unknown 3. Help listeners understand unfamiliar ideas |
| Advantages of visual aids | 1. Clarify 2. Interest 3. Retention 4. Credibility 5. Persurasiveness |
| Types of visual aids | 1. Objects 2. Models 3. Graphs 4. Photographs 5. Drawings 6. Another person 7. Charts 8. Videos 9. The speaker |
| Tips for using photos | 1. Enlarge photos 2. Show with doc camera 3. Show with multimedia 4. Use quality photos |
| What is a single infinitve phrase that states what a speaker hopes to accomplish in their speech? | Specific purpose |
| What are the two types of brainstorming methods? | Personal inventory and clustering |
| What kind of listening does the listener simply enjoy themselves? | Appreciative listening |
| What kind of listening does the listener decide to accept or reject the speaker's message? | Critical listening |
| True or false: There are several different causes of poor listening | True |
| True or false: A story by definition is the way an individual puts together events that occurred over a given time period | True |
| True or false: According to the textbook, researchers have found that humans process narrative information differently than other types of information | True |
| Neurobiologist Paul Zak found that when a person is engaged in a story, their brain produces which hormone? | Oxytocin |
| Story functions within a speech | 1. Presentation 2. Attention getter 3. Establihing relevance 4. Establishing credibility 5. Creating rapport 6. Supporting evidence |
| True or false: Just like a speech, a story must be delivered well to be the most effective | True |
| When writing the speech outline, you should begin with which part? | Body |
| What are the 3 principles of outlining? | 1. Subordination 2. Division 3. Coordination |
| True or false: You should use full sentences for all points in the outline | True |
| True or false: Source citations and a works cited list are required for the informative and persuasive speeches | True |
| True or false: The communication process includes several factors, such as sender, receiver, channel, and message | True |
| True or false: The textbook estimates that up to 75% of people suffer from some level of communication apprehension | True |
| What situational cause of public speaking anxiety are discussed in the textbook? | 1. Fear of failure 2. Fear of judgement 3. Lack of preparation 4. Lack of experience |
| True or false: Adequate preparation and practice can help reduce public speaking anxiety | True |
| True or false: When choosing or narrowing a topic, you must only consider the audience | False |
| True or false: When looking for outside sources, you should validate the information you read, and check the credentials of the author/source/organization, etc. | True |
| True or false: The peer-review process for a journal is stringent, and these articles are believed to be the most prestigious | True |
| True or false: Statistics cannot be easily manipulated | False |
| True or false: A speaker must use oral citations to give appropriate credit to their sources during their presentation | True |
| How many sources are required for the informative speech? | 4 |
| True or false: Your source citations should be evident in three places, 1. on the works cited, 2. in-text throughout the outline, 3. orally throughout the presentation | True |
| True or false: When citing a source with three-plus authors, you may use "et al." after the first author's name to denote that "and others" have contributed too | True |
| True or false: You may need to briefly explain qualifications when giving an oral citation, depending on how well-known a source/organization/individual is. |
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