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chapter 3: Minerals
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Naturally accruing | created by nature |
| inorganic | cannot be created using any living thing only NON- living |
| solid | minerals have a definite volume and shape |
| crystal structure | particals of a mineral has definite chemical make up of certain elements |
| definite chemical composition | a mineral has definite chemical makeup of certain elements |
| mohs hardness scale | Identifies hardness from softest to hardest of ten minerals. |
| color | Easily observed physical property. |
| streak | The color of the minerals powder is easily observed |
| luster | Its reflection of light in the minerals surface. |
| density | How tightly packed the matter is in the mineral. |
| crystal system | The minerals actual polygon shape, example cube, or hexagon. |
| cleavage | Mineral breaks along a flat surface, smooth break. |
| fracture | Mineral breaks in an irregular way, jagged and uneven. |
| Crystallization through melted materials: | form from magma that cools inside the crust or lava that cools on the surface. Magma cools slowly creating large minerals, and lava cools quickly creating small minerals. |
| Minerals in Hot Water Solution: | Magma heats water to very high temperatures, when the hot water cools the water and leaves the solution that creates the crystallization. |
| minerals form when | solutions evaporate. |
| where minerals are found | Many rare and valuable minerals are found in or near volcanic activity, mountain building, and bodies of water |
| gemstones | Using minerals such as rubies and sapphires for jewelry |
| metals | Using minerals such as aluminum, iron, copper, and silver, to make other items we use or want. |
| other useful minerals | Example: talc= talcum powder |
| Ores | a rock that contains metal or useful minerals |
| prospector | someone who looks for ore deposits. |
| mining | Where ore deposits are mined. |
| stip mines | Equipment scrapes away the earth's surface to find ores |
| open pit mines | Used when ores or on the earth's surface, but at least 100 meters down. |
| shaft mines | are deep in the earth’s surface following the veins of an ore. |
| smelting | The process that is used after the ore is removed from the mine and the metal is removed from the ore. |