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Chem II Ch 14 Voc

Chemistry II Chapter 14 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
Suspension is a mixture containing particles that settle out if left undisturbed.
Colloid a heterogeneous mixture of intermediate-sized particles (between atomic-scale size of solution particles are between 1nm and 1000nm in diameter and do not settle out.
Brownian motion the dispersed particles of liquid colloids make jerky, random movements.
Tyndall effect a phenomenon where dispersed colloid particles scatter light.
Soluble a substance that dissolves in a solvent.
Miscible two liquids that are soluble in each other in any proportion.
Insoluble a substance that does not dissolve in a solvent.
Immiscible two liquids that can be mixed together but separate shortly after.
Concentration is a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution.
Molarity is the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of solution.
Molality the ratio of the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1kg of solvent.
Mole fraction the ratio of the number of moles of solute or solvent in solution to the total number of moles of solute and solvent.
Solvation the process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles to form a solution.
Heat of solution the overall energy change that occurs during the solution formation process.
unsaturated solution is one that contains less dissolved solute for a given temperature and pressure than a saturated solution.
Saturated solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure.
Supersaturated solution contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature.
Henry’s law states that at a given temperature, the solubility (S) of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure (P) of the gas above the liquid.
Colligative properties physical properties of solutions that are affected by the number of particles but not by the identity of dissolved solute particles.
Vapor pressure lowering is due to the number of solute particles in solution and is a colligative property of solutions.
Boiling point elevation the temperature difference between a solution’s boiling point and a pure solvent’s boiling point.
Freezing point depression is the difference in temperature between its freezing point and the freezing point of its pure solvent.
Osmosis is the diffusion of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane.
Osmotic pressure the amount of additional pressure caused by the water molecules that moved into the concentrated solution.
Created by: jepva
 

 



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