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Period 6 APUSH Rev
Choose the Games that Work Best for You! (Try "Matching"--Better than Quizlet.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was the Battle of Little Bighorn / Custer's Last Stand? Define and give approximate date. | Crazy Horse & Sitting Bull led Lakota Sioux warriors to defeat and destroy a US army garrison of 400 under General ___. A major Native American victory — but led to intensified US military retaliation. Occurred 1876. |
| What was the Transcontinental Railroad? Define and give approximate date. | First ___ spanning the continent, linking the East to California. Built largely by Chinese & Irish immigrant labor. Tied the nation together but devastated Native Americans by killing buffalo herds. Completed 1869. |
| What was the Compromise of 1877? Define and give approximate date. | Resolved the disputed 1876 election — Hayes became president in exchange for withdrawing federal troops from the South. Effectively ended Reconstruction and left freed Black Americans without federal protection. |
| What was the Dawes Severalty Act? Define and give approximate date. | Broke up tribal lands into individual allotments to assimilate Native Americans into white culture. Destroyed communal land ownership. Surplus land sold to whites. Devastated Native identity and land base. Passed 1887. |
| What was the Hull House? Define and give approximate date. | Settlement facility founded by Jane Addams in Chicago in 1889. Provided education, childcare & legal aid to the urban working class. Fought for child labor laws and labor reform. One of America's first settlement houses. |
| What was the Chinese Exclusion Act? Define and give approximate date. | First US law to ban immigration based on race or nationality. Barred ___ laborers from entering the US and made ___ residents ineligible for citizenship. Reflected anti-___ sentiment in the West. Passed 1882. |
| What was the Populist Party? Define and give approximate date. | Political ___ formed by the Farmers' Alliance. Nominated James B. Weaver in 1892. Demanded silver coinage, gov regulation of railroads & an income tax. Most popular with indebted farmers. Declined after 1896. |
| What was the AFL (American Federation of Labor)? Define and give approximate date. | Group of many craft unions led by Samuel Gompers. Represented skilled workers only. Pushed for higher wages, shorter hours & better conditions. Excluded unskilled, Black & female workers. Founded 1886. |
| What was the Pullman Strike? Define and give approximate date. | Railroad workers struck against wage cuts at George ___'s company. Led by Eugene Debs. Sherman Antitrust Act used to break it — ruling unions a "trust." Federal troops deployed. Exposed courts' alliance with business. 1894. |
| What was Boss Tweed's corruption? Define and give approximate date. | William "___" ___ led Tammany Hall, NYC's Democratic political machine. Made over $200 million through bribes, fake leases & padded bills. Exposed by cartoonist Thomas Nast. Arrested 1871. |
| What was the McKinley Tariff? Define and give approximate date. | Raised import duties to protect American industry. Forced consumers to pay high prices for manufactured goods. Hurt farmers who sold in unprotected markets. Raised sugar prices. Passed 1890. |
| What was the Spanish-American War? Define and give approximate date. | USS Maine explosion blamed on Spain sparked war. US defeated Spain in Cuba & Philippines. "Rough Riders" became famous. Treaty of Paris gave US Puerto Rico, Guam & Philippines. Called a "Splendid little war." 1898. |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | During "___," Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull defeated and destroyed a US army garrison of 400. | Custer's Last Stand / Battle of Little Bighorn |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Cornelius Vanderbilt went from a steamboat titan to dominating this industry: _________. | Railroads |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | In the 1880s, the idea of _________ emerged, applying principles of evolution to people and rationalizing why some were poor and others successful. | Social Darwinism |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | _________ believed the "talented tenth" of African Americans would uplift the rest of the race. | W.E.B. Du Bois |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Samuel Gompers was the leader of this union: _________. | AFL (American Federation of Labor) |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ Act (1887) was created to assimilate Native Americans and end tribal ownership of land. | Dawes Severalty |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | _________ founded Hull House. | Jane Addams |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, and Upton Sinclair were this type of journalist: _________ (term coined by Teddy Roosevelt). | Muckrakers |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Carnegie advocated the "Gospel of _________." | Wealth |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The time after Reconstruction was called the "_________ _________" because it seemed prosperous but was corrupt under the surface. | Gilded Age |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | This 1890 _________ Act was the first federal legislation to limit monopolies. | Sherman Anti-Trust |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ strike occurred in Carnegie's Pittsburgh plant managed by Henry Frick. | Homestead Steel |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Farmers Alliance & Grange movement gave rise to this political party that nominated James B. Weaver in 1892: _________. | Populist ___ |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The case _________ approved the principle of "separate but equal." | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Chicago strike that became known as the "_________ _________" turned violent, was blamed on anarchists, and discredited the Knights of Labor. | Haymarket Affair |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ Act granted settlers 160 acres to stay on and develop the land for 5 years. | Homestead |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Comstock Lode of silver was discovered in this state: _________. | Nevada |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | He invented the telegraph: _________. | Samuel Morse |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Monopolizing and controlling every step in the production cycle, from top to bottom, was called _________ integration. | Vertical |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Boss Tweed led _________ _________, a New York City political machine, before he was brought down by Thomas Nast's exposé. | Tammany Hall |
| TRUE or FALSE: The transcontinental railroad contributed to the near-extinction of the buffalo. | True — Railroads brought hunters west who slaughtered ___ by the millions, devastating the Plains tribes who depended on them for food, shelter and clothing. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The "frontier thesis" argued the frontier, an integral part of American identity, was no longer existent. | True — Frederick Jackson Turner's 1893 ___ declared the ___ officially closed, arguing it had shaped ___ democracy and that its end was a turning point in ___ history. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Andrew Carnegie believed in charity. | True — ___'s "Gospel of Wealth" argued the rich had a duty to use their fortunes to benefit society — he funded over 2,500 libraries and many other public institutions. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Knights of Labor was an exclusive union. | False — The ___ of ___ was unusually inclusive — it welcomed skilled and unskilled workers, women, and Black Americans, unlike most unions of the era. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Most "New Immigrants" were from Western Europe. | False — New ___ of the 1880s-1900s came primarily from southern and eastern ___ — Italy, Poland, Russia — and were mostly Catholic or Jewish, unlike earlier northern European ___. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Sherman Anti-Trust Act was used to break up the Pullman Strike. | True — Courts ruled that the striking union was essentially a "___" restraining trade. The Act was ___ to issue an injunction breaking the ___ — a major blow to organized labor. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Muckrakers often published lies. | False — ___ were investigative journalists who ___ factual exposés of corruption, unsafe food, monopolies and child labor. Their credibility depended on documented evidence, not fabrication. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Populist Party was most popular with farmers. | True — The ___ ___ grew directly out of the ___' Alliance. Indebted ___ furious at railroads, banks and monopolies formed its core constituency. |
| TRUE or FALSE: William Jennings Bryan supported a silver currency. | True — ___'s famous "Cross of Gold" speech (1896) demanded free coinage of ___ to inflate the ___ and relieve farmer debt. He was the Democratic and Populist presidential nominee that year. |
| TRUE or FALSE: In the 1890s, tariffs were high. | True — The McKinley Tariff (1890) raised average import duties to nearly 50%. ___ ___ were a cornerstone of Republican economic policy throughout the Gilded Age. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Chinese and Irish immigrants were the majority of workers building the transcontinental railroad. | True — ___ laborers built the western half for the Central Pacific; ___ ___ dominated the eastern half for the Union Pacific. Both groups worked in dangerous conditions for low wages. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The American Protective Association was pro-immigration. | False — The APA was a nativist, anti-Catholic organization that sought to limit ___ and prevent Catholic immigrants from advancing politically or economically. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Massacre at Wounded Knee was the beginning of the Plains Wars. | False — ___ ___ (1890) was the end of the ___ ___, not the ___. It was the last major military confrontation between US forces and Native Americans, killing over 250 Lakota Sioux. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Jim Crow Laws enforced separate public facilities for whites and blacks. | True — Jim ___ ___, upheld by Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), mandated segregation in schools, transportation, restaurants and other ___ spaces across the South. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Populists wanted government regulation of railroads. | True — Railroad monopolies charged farmers unfair rates, infuriating rural communities. The Populist platform called for ___ ownership or strict federal ___ of ___. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was strong in the Gilded Age. | False — The ICC (1887) was the first federal regulatory agency but had little real power. Courts frequently overturned its rulings and it lacked enforcement authority. Largely ineffective until the Progressive Era. |
| TRUE or FALSE: John D. Rockefeller created Standard Oil. | True — ___ founded ___ Oil in 1870 and used horizontal integration to control approximately 90% of US oil refining by the 1880s — the most powerful monopoly of the Gilded Age. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Railroads gave favorable rates to northern manufacturers, hurting southern growers. | True — ___ offered rebates and lower ___ to large ___ shippers, while charging ___ and western farmers higher ___ — deepening regional economic inequality. |
| TRUE or FALSE: NAWSA was most directly active in the temperance movement. | False — This organization focused on winning the right to vote for women. The ___ ___ was led mainly by the WCTU (Woman's Christian ___ Union). |
| TRUE or FALSE: President Garfield was assassinated. | True — James ___ was shot by a disappointed office-seeker, Charles Guiteau, in 1881 and died months later. His assassination led directly to the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act (1883). |
| TRUE or FALSE: William Jennings Bryan was defeated by McKinley in the Election of 1896. | True — ___'s well-funded "front porch" campaign ___ ___'s cross-country crusade for silver. The loss effectively ended the Populist Party and secured Republican dominance for years. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Per capita income in the South remained lower than the North in the late 19th century. | True — The ___ never fully recovered economically from the Civil War. Sharecropping, lack of industry and low cotton prices kept per ___ ___ significantly below the national average. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The government was committed to laissez-faire policies during the Gilded Age. | True — Despite some regulatory attempts like the ICC and Sherman Act, the federal ___ largely sided with big business, allowing monopolies to flourish with minimal interference. |
Created by:
dddemchuk12