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Stack #4670944
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "Man is born free yet is everywhere in chains" | Rousseau |
| Man has natural and inalienable rights to “life, liberty, and property....” | Locke |
| “Man invested with power is apt to abuse it....” | Montesquieu |
| Life is an endless quest for “power after power ceasing only in death....” | Hobbes |
| “Let the punishments of criminals be useful. A hanged man is good for nothing, and a man condemned to public works still serves the country, and is a living lesson.” | Voltaire |
| Social Contract | Rousseau |
| Two Treatises on Government | Locke |
| The Spirit of Laws | Montesquieu |
| The Leviathan | Hobbes |
| Philosophical Dictionary | Voltaire |
| Declaration of Rights of Women and Citizen | Olympe de Gauge |
| Wealth of Nations | Adam Smith |
| The Encyclopedia | Diderot |
| On the Vindication on the Rights of Women | Willstonecraft |
| Hobbes | -Autocracy -believes in an absolute monarchy |
| Locke | -Democracy -Nobody has more power/authority than another |
| Montesquieu | -Democracy -Believes in three branches of government (executive, legislative, judicial) |
| Voltaire | -Autocracy -believes in one "enlightened" king |
| Rousseau | -Democracy -believes in a direct democracy |
| Old Regime | -up to June 1789 -absolute monarchy -Louis XVI -(Weather crisis, food shortages, very high food (bread) prices, unfair system of the Estates General, Tennis Court Oath) |
| National Assembly | -1789-1791 -Limited Monarchy -Louis XVI -(Great Fear, Storming of Bastille, overturning of feudalism (no more titles), Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen, Constitution of 1791) |
| Legislative Assembly | -1791-1792 -Limited Constitutional Monarchy -Louis XVI -(745 delegates split into factions, rise of radical groups: Paris Commune, Jacobins, Sans Culottes, emigres flee France, war with Austria and Prussia declared) |
| National Convention | -1792-1795 -Republic -Robespierre, Danton, Marat -(Rise of Robespierre, treason trials for Louis and Marie and their executions, Committee of Public Safety and the Law of Suspects, the Reign of Terror) |
| Directory | -1795-1799 -Repbulic -Directory -(Constitution of 1795 adopted, Economic collapse, foreign wars, political in-fighting,rise of Napoleon as French national hero,coup over Directory by Napoleon) |
| Economic Causes | -poor harvests -food prices and shortages -taxes -corvee |
| American Revolution | -1775-1783 -France financially aided America to defeat Great Britain -officially allied with the US in 1778 |
| Estates General | -1789 -assembly summoned by Louis XVI to address France's severe financial problem -marked the start of the French Revolution |
| Tennis Court Oath | -June 1789 -third estate commoners took an oath swearing not to disband until a new, written constitution was established -Held at an indoor tennis court in Versailles |
| Storming of the Bastille | -July 1789 -Revolutionaries seized a medieval fortress and political prison that symbolized royal tyranny -triggered the French Revolution -signaled the collapse of absolute monarchy |
| Great Fear | -July-August 1789 -A wave of panic, rural riots and conspiracy theories that swept across France following the Storming of the Bastille |
| Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen | -August 1789 -foundational French Revolution document stating that "men are born and remain free and equal in rights" -established equality and liberty |
| Constitution of 1791 | -September 1791 -France's first written constitution -transformed the kingdom from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy |
| Political Parties | -Jacobins -Paris Commune -Sans Culottes -Radicals -Moderates -Conservatives |
| Bourgeoisie | The educated, prosperous middle class members of the third estate (merchants, bankers, lawyers, and professionals) |
| Emigres | -100,000-150,000 French citizens who fled France to escape the violence political upheaval, and persecution of the French Revolution -Made up mostly of Nobles, clergy, and some bourgeoisie -1789 and 1815 |
| War with Austria and Prussia | -1792-1797 -The War of the First Coalition |
| Louis and Marie attempt to flee | -June 1791 -Tried to leave France during the French Revolution -Disguised as servants and planned to go to Austria -were arrested and charged for treason |
| Constitution of 1792 or year 1 | -August 1792 -First French Republic following the 1792 insurrection -abolished the monarchy |
| Robespierre | -Key leader of the French Revolution -Leading member of the Committee of Public Safety -Architect of the Reign of Terror -1758-1794 |
| Danton | -Leading figure in the early French Revolution -crucial to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the first French Republic -was sent to the guillotine by Robespierre -1759-1794 |
| Marat | -Politician during the French Revolution -made a newspaper (L'ami du peuple) to incite violence against enemies of the Revolution -was murdered in his bathtub -became a martyr in France -1743-1793 |
| Reign of Terror | -A brutal 10 month phase of the French Revolution that included extreme violence and mass executions (guillotine) -made to "eliminate enemies of the Revolution" -september 1793-july 1794 |
| Committee of Public Safety | -created by National Convention -executive government of France during the reign of terror |
| Law of Suspects | -authorized swift arrest on anyone who was deemed an enemy of the revolution -based mostly on suspicions |
| Republic of Virtue | -a political theory and ideological goal presented by Maximilien Robespierre in 1794 during the French Revolution to establish a utopian democratic state -without reign of terror its powerless |
| Thermidorian Reaction | -July 1794 -a pivotal parliamentary revolt in July 1794 that ended the radical Reign of Terror during the French Revolution -led to the arrest and execution of Robespierre |
| Constitution of 1795 or year III | -Established directory in France after the fall of Robespierre -It created a conservative, liberal republic with a two-house legislature and a five-man executive |
Created by:
Lenabeave