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ACT
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define contextual/third-wave cognitive behavior therapy | ACT is contextual/third wave form of cognitive behavior therapy - focuses on altering how people relate to thoughts and feelings, rather than changing thoughts and feelings directly - third wave is characterized by mindfulness, acceptance, and values |
| According to ACT, how does our language ability impact mental health? | - We can be afraid of things we've never experienced before - We can predict bad things in the future - We can compare ourselves to others or to an imagined ideal - Normal language processes lead to pain |
| Define psychological inflexibility and its role in the theory of ACT | Pattern in which rigid reactions to your thoughts and a lack of clarity on what matters to you contribute to a high degree of emotional avoidance or attachment, and interfere with behaving in ways that align with your values |
| Experiential Avoidance: | Inflexible avoidance of unwanted thoughts or feelings (fear, anxiety, grief); clinging to pleasant feelings (comfort, excitement) |
| Cognitive fusion: | Thoughts are viewed literally and have too much influence on behavior - self judgements feel real and urgent - key part is not the content of the thoughts but how much you buy into the thoughts |
| Define psychological flexibility and its role in the theory of ACT | The ability to contact the present moment more fully as a conscious human being and to change or persist in behavior in order to serve valued ends. |
| Acceptance: | Being open and curious about unpleasant emotions and allowing all emotions to come and go freely |
| Cognitive defusion: | Recognizing thoughts as just thoughts |
| Self as content: | Developing a sense of self as an observer of your thoughts and emotions rather than being defined by them |
| Flexible attention: | Attending to the present moment and modulating attention based on current context |
| Values clarity: | Identifying and connecting with what is truly meaningful to you |
| Committed action: | Consistent patterns of behavior linked to your values |
| How much evidence is there for the use of ACT? | Strong evidence supporting its use for depression and anxiety, OCD |
| What are some unique features of ACT? | - Psychological flexibility/inflexibility - Cognitive defusion - Acceptance - Self as content - Mindfulness/flexible attention |