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Chapter 13
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Traumatic Brain Injury | Damage to the brain caused by a sudden blow or force to the head |
| Open head injuries | brain injuries where the skull is broken and the brain is exposed |
| Closed head injuries | brain injuries where the skull is not broken but the brain is damaged internally |
| Motor speech disorder | difficulty speaking due to problems with muscle control used for speech |
| Behavior modification | Using techniques to change behavior through rewards or consequences |
| Behavior management | strategies used to guide and control behavior in a positive way |
| CHARGE syndrome | a genetic condition causing multiple birth defects affecting senses and organs |
| Coloboma | a gap or missing piece in structures of the eye |
| Usher syndrome | a genetic condition causing hearing loss and progressive vision loss |
| Retinitis pigmentosa | an eye disease that causes gradual loss of vision |
| Night blindness | difficulty seeing in low light or darkness |
| Tunnel vision | loss of peripheral (side) vision |
| Prenatal | occurring before birth |
| Rubella | |
| German measles | another name for rubella |
| Congenital cytomegalovirus | a viral infection present at birth that can affect development |
| Postnatal | occurring after birth |
| Meningitis | inflammation of the protective membranes around the brain and spinal cord |
| Protactile ASL (PTASL) | a tactile form of sign language used by people who are deafblind |
| Braille | a system of raised dots used for reading and writing by people who are blind |
| Adapted signs | modified sign language to meet an individual’s physical or communication needs |
| Orientation and Mobility | skills that help individuals navigate and move safely in their environment |
| Augmentative and Alternative Communication | methods (devices or systems) used to support or replace speech |
| Functional Behavior Assessment | a process to identify the cause or purpose of a behavior |
| Positive Behavioral Support | strategies that encourage positive behavior and reduce problem behavior |
| Self-stimulation | repetitive behaviors that provide sensory input |
| Self-injurious behavior | actions that cause harm to one’s own body |
| Positive Behavioral Intervention and Support | a proactive approach to improving behavior using positive strategies |
| Neonatal intensive care units | hospital units that care for newborns with serious medical conditions |
| Sheltered workshop | a supervised workplace for individuals with disabilities, often with modified tasks |
| Competitive employment | jobs in the regular workforce with typical pay and expectations |
| Self-determination | the ability to make choices and control one’s own life |
| Person-centered plans | plans focused on an individual’s goals, preferences, and needs |
| Natural supports | help from family, friends, or community members rather than paid services |
| Job coach | a person who helps individuals learn and succeed at a job |
| Living skills | skills needed for daily independent living |
Created by:
GavinMackie