Studies how organism’s evolution, structure, physiology, and behavior meet challenges posed by its environment

Focuses on factors affecting population size over time & how/why changes. Population = group of individuals of same species living in an area

Examines how interactions occur between species (ex: predation and competition) Community = a group of populations of different species in an area

Emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environment Ecosystem = community of organisms in an area and physical factors with which they interact

Focuses on the exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms across multiple ecosystems Landscape (or seascape) = many connected ecosystems

The biosphere is the global ecosystem and the sum of all ecosystems and landscapes. Global ecology examines the influence of energy and materials on organisms across the biosphere.

4 major climate components

Temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and air currents

Major Life Zones Terrestrial: named by vegetation type and based on temp and precipitation Aquatic: Physical environment and based on salinity and area ; marine vs freshwater

In terrestrials areas, biomes grade into each other without sharp boundaries

In aquatic biomes, instead of ecotones, there are intertidal zones which are regions that are periodically submerged and exposed.

Deep sea floor hydrothermal vent community

Transition between river and sea

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Ecology Unit 8

Term	Definition
Organismal Ecology	Studies how organism’s evolution, structure, physiology, and behavior meet challenges posed by its environment
Population	Focuses on factors affecting population size over time & how/why changes. Population = group of individuals of same species living in an area
Community Ecology	Examines how interactions occur between species (ex: predation and competition) Community = a group of populations of different species in an area
Ecosystem Ecology	Emphasizes energy flow and chemical cycling between organisms and the environment Ecosystem = community of organisms in an area and physical factors with which they interact
Landscape Ecology	Focuses on the exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms across multiple ecosystems Landscape (or seascape) = many connected ecosystems
Global Ecology	The biosphere is the global ecosystem and the sum of all ecosystems and landscapes. Global ecology examines the influence of energy and materials on organisms across the biosphere.
4 major climate components	Temperature, precipitation, sunlight, and air currents
Biomes	Major Life Zones Terrestrial: named by vegetation type and based on temp and precipitation Aquatic: Physical environment and based on salinity and area ; marine vs freshwater
Ecotones	In terrestrials areas, biomes grade into each other without sharp boundaries
Intertidal Zones	In aquatic biomes, instead of ecotones, there are intertidal zones which are regions that are periodically submerged and exposed.
Pelagic zone	Not costal: open ocean
Benthic zone	Deep sea floor hydrothermal vent community
Estuary	Transition between river and sea
Oligotrophic	nutrient poor/O2 rich

Created by: nuhaSalim

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