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Literary Devices
Bedford glossary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Act | A major division in the action of a play, full- length plays get into divided scenes. |
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same sound in a sequence of words |
| Allusion | A brief reference to a person ,place ,thing or idea in history or literature. |
| Antagonist | the opponent of the protagonist |
| Apostrophe | A address to either someone who is absent and can NOT hear the speaker. Often letting the speaker think outloud. |
| Aside | A speech dedicated towards the audience - not audible to the other characters on stage. |
| Caesura | A pause within a line of poetry contributing to the rhyme scheme. |
| Catharsis | Describes the release of pity or fear by the audience at the end of a tragedy |
| Climax | The greatest point of tension |
| Comic relif | Humorous scene or incident that alleviates tension or other serious work. |
| Connotation | Associations or implications that go beyond the literal meaning of a word. |
| Dennotation | The literal/dictionary definition of a word. |
| Diction | Writer choice of words, phrases, etc to create meaning. |
| Figures of speech | using language that deviates from the literal, dennotations of words. Suggesting other effects or meanings. |
| Foreshadowing | verbal/dramatic hints that suggest whats coming next |
| Hamartia | Aristotle describes it "some error or frailty" - bringing misfortune for the tragic hero. A tragic flaw that leads protagonist in a tragedy |
| Hubris | excessive pride or self-confidence leading a protagonist to disregard warnings of moral law. |
| Hyperbole | exaggerated statements that add emphasis without intending to be literary true |
| Imagery | mental impressions - figurative and diction appeals to any five senses. |
| Irony | A literary device that uses contradictory statements or situations to reveal a reality different from what appears to be true. |
| Metaphor | Figure of speech that compares two unlike things, without using like or as. |
| Motif | A recurring idea that resonates through a literary work, often punctuating a theme |
| Omniscient POV | third-person POV in fictional writing permitting author to present external details. |
| Onomatopoeia | uses words that resembles the sound it denotes. |
| Oxymoron | condensed form of a paradox, when 2 contradictory words are used together. |
| Personification | Form of a metaphor - giving human like characteristics to non-human things. |
| Plot | The arrangement of incidents in a story |
| POV | refers to who is telling the story |
| Protagonist | main character - engages with the reader the most |
| Sarcasm | saying one thing but meaning the opposite or something else |
| Quatrain | 4-line stanza |
| Simile | Comparing to unlike things using words such as - like or as. |
| Soliloquy | dramatic convention of which a character - alone onstage - utters their thoughts aloud. Revealing true motivations and inner conflicts. |
| Stream of consciousness | A technique tha takes the reader inside a characters mind to reveal perceptions, thoughts, and feelings. |
| Symbol | A person, object, image, word, or event that evokes a range of additional meaning beyond and more abstract than its literal significance. |
| Theme | The central meaning or dominant idea in a literary work. |
| Thesis | Central idea of an essay. |
| Tone | The authors implicit attitude toward the reader or people, places or events in a work. Revealed by the elements of the authors style. |
| Revenge tragedies | Consists of a murder that has to be avenged by a relative of the victim. |
| Tragic Flaw | a weakness in the protagonist otherwise noble nature, one that may lead to an error of judgement and subsequent downfall. |
| verbal irony | Also known as rhetorical Irony - a discrepancy between what a speaker or writer says and what the believe to be true. Ideally saying the opposite of what they actually mean. |