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History study guide
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| English Bill of Rights | Document signed by William & Mary that limited the monarchy and gave rights to citizens |
| English Civil War | War that led to Oliver Cromwell taking control of England |
| Glorious Revolution | Peaceful change in power that increased Parliament’s authority |
| Monarchy | Government ruled by a king or queen |
| Democracy | Government where people have power |
| Protectorate | Government led by a strong ruler after war (Cromwell) |
| Dictatorship | Government where one person has total control |
| Age of Reason | Another name for the Enlightenment |
| Enlightenment | Time when people used reason and science to understand the world |
| Empiricism | Knowledge comes from experience and observation |
| Rationalism | Knowledge comes from reason and thinking |
| Secularism | Society without religion |
| John Locke | → Believed knowledge comes from experience (empiricism) |
| René Descartes | Believed in reason; said “I think, therefore I am” |
| Francis Bacon | Promoted the scientific method |
| Scientists | Medicine |
| Hippocrates | Father of Medicine; created the Hippocratic Oath |