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bio unit 8

TermDefinition
evolution the process of biological change in populations over time that makes descendants genetically different from their ancestors
microevolution small scale affecting a single population
macroevolution large scale affecting changes in species across populations
natural selection organisms with the “best” traits (adaptations) will live longer and reproduce more than others, causing changes in the population over time by acting on traits that are heritable
fitness a measure of how well you can survive in your environment
adaptation a feature that allows an organism to better survive in its environment
gene pool the combined alleles of all individuals in a population
genetic drift random change in the frequency of alleles in a population over time
gene flow movement of genes into/out of a population
sexual selection the selection of traits that aren’t necessarily good for survival fitness, but without them, you can’t pass on your genes at all because you can’t reproduce
genetic equilibrium when there are no changes in the allele frequencies in a population over time
species group of organisms that can successfully interbreed and produce viable, fertile offspring
adaptive radiation a type of divergent evolution occurring on a small scale over a shorter period of time
paleontology study of prehistoric life through the fossil record
morphology study of the form of living things
biogeography study of the geographic distribution of plants and animals
fossils preserved remains of organisms
taxonomy field of biology that classifies organisms
binomial nomenclature two-name naming system (Genus species)
phylogeny evolutionary history of a species
endosymbiosis one prokaryote ended up inside of another and both organisms thrived
phylogenetic tree a diagram used to predict evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms
Created by: user-1971025
 

 



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