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CORE-Ch14/15
Bones and Muscles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Endosteum | Structure inside a bone |
| Periosteum | Tissue around a bone |
| Osteoblast | Bone-forming cell;Immature bone cell |
| Osteocyte | Bone-maintaining cell |
| Osteoporosis | Abnormal condition of bones opening |
| Osteitis | Inflammation of a bone |
| Osteoalgia | Pain in a bone |
| Osteomalacia | Softening of the bone |
| Osteomyelitis | Inflammation of and bone marrow |
| Osteopenia | Deficiency of bone |
| Chondritis | Inflammation of cartilage |
| Chondrocyte | Cartilage cell |
| Chondrogenesis | Formation of cartilage |
| Chrondroma | Cartilage tumor; Tumor composed of cartilage |
| Arthritis | Inflammation of a joint |
| Arthrocentesis | Surgical puncture of a joint |
| Arthrodesis | Fixation of a joint |
| Arthralgia | Pain in a joint |
| Osteoarthritis | Inflammation of the bone and joint |
| Osteoarthropathy | Disease of the bone and joint |
| Arthroplasty | Surgical repair of a joint |
| Arthroscope | Instrument to view a joint |
| Abduction | Action of moving away from midline |
| Adduction | Action of moving toward the midline |
| Circumduction | Action of moving in a circular motion |
| Kyphosis | Abnormal condition of a posterior curve of the thoracic spine |
| Lordosis | Abnormal condition of a forward curve of the lumbar and cervical spine |
| Scoliosis | Abnormal condition of a lateral curve of the spine |
| Vertebral | Pertaining to the vertebrae |
| Intervertebral | Pertaining to between the vertebrae |
| Vertebrocostal | Pertaining the vertebrae and ribs |
| Vertebrectomy | Surgical removal of the vertebrae |
| Spondylitis | Inflammation of the vertebrae |
| Spondylomalacia | Softening of the vertebrae |
| Spondylopathy | Disease of the vertebrae |
| Spondylodynia | Pain in the vertebrae |
| Cervical | Pertaining to the neck |
| Lumbar | Pertaining to the low back |
| Lumbodynia | Pain in the low back |
| Thoracic | Pertaining to the chest |
| Costal | Pertaining to the ribs |
| Intercostal | Pertaining to between the ribs |
| Subcostal | Pertaining to below the ribs |
| Costochondritis | Inflammation of rib cartilage |
| Sacroiliac | Pertaining to sacrum and ilium |
| Sacrospinal | Pertaining to the sacrum and the spine |
| Pubic | Pertaining to the pubis |
| Pelvic | Pertaining to the pelvis |
| Ischial | Pertaining to the ischium |
| Acromioclavicular | Pertaining to the acromion and clavicle |
| Humeral | Pertaining to the humerus |
| Radial | Pertaining to the radius |
| Ulnar | Pertaining to the ulna |
| Carpal | Pertaining to the bones of the wrist |
| Carpoptosis | Drop of the wrist |
| Carpectomy | Surgical removal of the bones of the wrist |
| Metacarpectomy | Surgical removal of the bones after the wrist |
| Metacarpal | Pertaining to the bones after the wrist |
| Phalanx | One finger |
| Phalangitis | Inflammation of the phalanges |
| Femoral | Pertaining to the femur |
| Fibular | Pertaining to the femur |
| Tibial | Pertaining to the tibia |
| Calcane | Calcaneus(heel) |
| Calcaneal | Pertaining to the calcane/heel |
| Calcaneodynia | Pain in the heel |
| Tarsal | Pertaining to the ankle |
| Metatarsal | Pertaining to the bones after the ankle |
| Podiatry | Treatment of the foot |
| Podiatrist | Specialist in the treatment of the foot |
| Epicondyle | Above the knuckle |
| Fasciopathy | Disease of the fascia |
| Fascioplasty | Surgical repair of the fascia |
| Fascitis | Inflammation of the fascia |
| Atrophy | Without nourishment |
| Hypertrophy | Excessive nourishment |
| Dystrophy | Bad nourishment |
| Contract | Draw together |
| Contraction | Process of drawing together |
| Contracture | Result of drawing together |
| Biceps brachii | Muscle of the arm that has two heads |
| Triceps brachii | Muscle of the arm that has three heads |
| Quadriceps femoris | Muscle of the leg with four heads |
| Tendinosis | Abnormal condition of a tendon |
| Tendinitis | Inflammation of a tendon |
| Tendinopathy | Disease of a tendon |
| Peritendinitis | Inflammation around a tendon |
| Tenosynovitis | Inflammation of a tendon and the synovial membrane |
| Tenalgia | Pain in the tendon |
| Tenoplasty | Surgical repair of a tendon |
| Orthopedic | Pertaining to straightening |
| Orthotic | Orthopedic appliance to correct abnormality |
| Muscular | Pertaining to muscle |
| Orthotist | Specialist in correcting abnormalities |
| Myalgia | Pain in a muscle |
| Myasthenia | Weakness in a muscle |
| Myolysis | Destruction of a muscle |
| Electromyography | Process of recording the electrical activity of a muscle |
| Myogenesis | Production of a muscle |
| Fibromyalgia | Pain in a muscle fiber |
| Myopathy | Disease of a muscle |
| Myoplasty | Surgical repair of a muscle |
| Myorraphy | Surgical suture of a muscle |
| Myorrhexis | Rupture of a muscle |
| Myosarcoma | Tumor in a muscle and connective tissue |
| Myosclerosis | Hardening of a muscle |
| Myotomy | Incision of a muscle |
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