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Period 4 APUSH Rev
Choose the Games that Work Best for You! (Try "Matching"--Better than Quizlet.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was important about Jefferson's election? Define and give approximate date. | Thomas Jefferson defeated incumbent John Adams in a bitterly contested election, marking the first peaceful transfer of power between opposing political parties in U.S. history. Jefferson called it the "Revolution of 1800." Occurred 1800. |
| What was the Hartford Convention? Define and give approximate date. | A secret meeting of New England Federalists who opposed the War of 1812 and discussed states' rights and even secession. Its association with disloyalty during wartime effectively destroyed the Federalist Party. Convened 1814–1815. |
| What was the American System? Define and give approximate date. | An economic program proposed by Kentucky Senator Henry Clay calling for a national bank, protective tariffs, and federally funded internal improvements (roads and canals) to unify and strengthen the national economy. Introduced c. 1815–1824. |
| What was Marbury v. Madison? Define and give approximate date. | A landmark Supreme Court case in which Chief Justice John Marshall established the principle of judicial review — the power of the Supreme Court to strike down laws that violate the Constitution. Decided 1803. |
| What was the Embargo Act? Define and give approximate date. | A law passed under Jefferson that banned American ships from trading with foreign nations, intended to pressure Britain and France to stop interfering with American commerce. It backfired badly, devastating the American economy. Enacted 1807. |
| What was the Missouri Compromise? Define and give approximate date. | A congressional agreement that admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and drew a line at 36°30' north latitude — above which slavery would be banned in all future states carved from the Louisiana Territory. Passed 1820. |
| What was the Monroe Doctrine? Define and give approximate date. | A foreign policy statement by President Monroe warning European powers not to colonize or interfere with nations in the Western Hemisphere, asserting that such attempts would be viewed as a threat to U.S. security. Declared 1823. |
| What was the Indian Removal Act? Define and give approximate date. | Legislation signed by President Jackson authorizing the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the Southeast to territory west of the Mississippi River, leading to the Trail of Tears. Passed 1830. |
| What was Stephen Austin's land grant in Texas? Define and give approximate date. | The Mexican government granted Stephen Austin permission to bring American settlers into the Texas region of Mexico. This influx of American colonists eventually led to conflict with Mexico and the Lone Star Rebellion. Granted c. 1821. |
| What was the Lone Star Rebellion? Define and give approximate date. | An armed revolt by American settlers in Texas against Mexican rule, culminating in Texas declaring independence and becoming the Republic of Texas. Key battles included the Alamo and San Jacinto. Occurred 1835–1836. |
| What was the War of 1812? Define and give approximate date. | A conflict between the United States and Britain, sparked by British impressment of American sailors and interference with trade. The war ended in a stalemate with the Treaty of Ghent but produced a surge of American nationalism. Fought 1812–1815. |
| What was John Tyler's Presidency? Define and give approximate date. | Tyler became president when William Henry Harrison died after just 40 days in office — the first vice president to assume the presidency this way. He alienated both parties and was nearly impeached. Presidency 1841–1845. |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Charles Grandison Finney was an important figure in the _________. | Second Great Awakening |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Jefferson called his defeat of Adams the "Revolution of _________." | 1800 |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The principle of _________ was established in Marbury v. Madison. | Judicial Review |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Jefferson purchased Louisiana from Napoleon in spite of his _________ constructionist views on the Constitution. | Strict |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Embargo Act was replaced with the _________ Act under Madison. | Nonintercourse |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Native Americans on the eve of the War of 1812 were led by "_________ " and his brother "the Prophet." | Tecumseh |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ convened in New England and discussed secession during the War of 1812. | Hartford Convention |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The American System was proposed by this Kentucky Senator: _________. | Henry Clay |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | At the Battle of _________, Jackson led soldiers against the British after the war was technically over. | New Orleans |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The 1820 _________ set the boundaries of slave states at 36°30'. | Missouri Compromise |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ warned other countries to stay out of the Western Hemisphere. | Monroe Doctrine |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ of 1824 led to the inauguration of John Quincy Adams. | Corrupt Bargain |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | This linked the Hudson River and the Great Lakes, helping facilitate steamboat trade: _________. | Erie Canal |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ System rewarded Jackson's friends and supporters with political office. | Spoils |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The nullification crisis was led by South Carolina senator _________. | John C. Calhoun |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | He was president after Jackson: _________. | Martin Van Buren |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ of 1848 is considered the beginning of the feminist movement. | Seneca Falls Convention / Declaration of Sentiments |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Lone Star Rebellion occurred in this future state: _________. | Texas |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | This president had one of the longest inaugural addresses and the shortest presidency: _________. | William Henry Harrison |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | _________ became president when his predecessor died after only 40 days in office. | John Tyler |
| TRUE or FALSE: John Marshall was a strict constructionist. | False — Marshall was a strong Federalist and loose constructionist who used the Supreme Court to expand federal power, most famously in Marbury v. Madison. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Embargo Act stopped British impressment of American sailors. | False — The Embargo Act was an economic measure banning foreign trade. It did not stop impressment and instead devastated the American economy. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Cumberland Road was the first federally funded road in the U.S. | True — Also called the National Road, it ran from Cumberland, Maryland westward and was a key part of early American internal improvements. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Hartford Convention led to the end of the Federalist Party. | True — The Convention's association with disloyalty and near-treason during wartime destroyed what remained of Federalist credibility. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Henry Clay was a "war hawk." | True — Clay was a leading War Hawk in Congress who pushed for war with Britain in 1812, hoping to gain Canada and defend American honor. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Eli Whitney invented both the cotton gin and interchangeable parts. | True — Whitney's cotton gin (1793) transformed Southern agriculture and slavery, while his system of interchangeable parts revolutionized manufacturing. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Jackson benefited directly from the "Corrupt Bargain." | False — Jackson was the victim of the Corrupt Bargain. Despite winning the popular vote in 1824, the House selected John Quincy Adams after Henry Clay threw his support to Adams. |
| TRUE or FALSE: After the War of 1812 was the "Era of Good Feelings." | True — The post-war period saw a surge of nationalism and temporary one-party rule under President Monroe, earning the nickname "Era of Good Feelings." |
| TRUE or FALSE: The South supported high tariffs. | False — The South strongly opposed high tariffs, which raised the price of manufactured goods they had to import while benefiting Northern industry. |
| TRUE or FALSE: America gained territory after the War of 1812. | False — The Treaty of Ghent (1814) restored pre-war borders. Neither side gained territory, making the war essentially a draw militarily. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Adams appointed a number of Supreme Court justices as he left office. | True — These were John Adams's "midnight appointments," made in the final hours of his presidency. One of them — William Marbury — triggered the famous Marbury v. Madison case. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Jefferson had no reservations about purchasing Louisiana from France. | False — Jefferson privately worried that the Constitution gave him no explicit power to purchase foreign territory, conflicting with his strict constructionist beliefs. He proceeded anyway. |
| TRUE or FALSE: John Marshall and Alexander Hamilton shared similar views on the Constitution. | True — Both were Federalists who favored a strong central government and a loose interpretation of the Constitution. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The steamboat allowed ships to go both upstream and downstream. | True — Before the steamboat, river travel upstream was extremely difficult. Robert Fulton's steamboat made two-way river commerce practical, transforming trade. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Market Revolution created a more national economy as markets expanded. | True — Improvements in transportation and communication linked regional economies, creating a more integrated national market during the early 19th century. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The War of 1812 was called "Mr. Monroe's War." | False — It was called "Mr. Madison's War," as James Madison was president when war was declared. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Americans wanted to gain territory in Canada and Florida by fighting the War of 1812. | True — War Hawks hoped to annex British-controlled Canada and Spanish Florida as war aims, in addition to defending neutral trading rights. |
| TRUE or FALSE: William Lloyd Garrison was a moderate abolitionist. | False — Garrison was one of the most radical abolitionists, demanding immediate emancipation with no compensation to slaveholders. He published The Liberator and called the Constitution "a covenant with death." |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Declaration of Sentiments at Seneca Falls was modelled after the Declaration of Independence. | True — Written primarily by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, it echoed the Declaration of Independence, famously declaring "all men and women are created equal." |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Supreme Court supported Jackson's decision to remove Native Americans. | False — In Worcester v. Georgia (1832), the Supreme Court ruled against forced removal. Jackson reportedly ignored the ruling, saying "Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it." |
| TRUE or FALSE: Jackson wanted wildcat banks to replace the National Bank. | True — After vetoing the recharter of the Second Bank of the U.S., Jackson shifted federal deposits to state-chartered "pet banks," also called wildcat banks. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun both opposed tariffs. | False — Clay strongly supported protective tariffs as part of his American System. Calhoun opposed them, writing the South Carolina Exposition and Protest and leading the nullification crisis. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Transcendentalism emphasizes the beauty of nature and emphasizes emotion. | True — Transcendentalists like Emerson and Thoreau believed in the inherent goodness of people and nature, emphasized intuition and emotion over reason, and challenged conformity |
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