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Chemistry
metals and their extraction flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How are the most reactive metals extracted from rocks? | electrolysis |
| How are metals less reactive than carbon ore extracted? | reduction |
| What is a thermite reaction? | An intense reaction that produces lots of heat, enough to melt iron, for welding in remote locations |
| What happens in a displacement or competition reaction? | a more reactive metal will displace a less reactive metal in a compound |
| What is an example of a displacement reaction? | iron nail in a copper chloride solution |
| What is the big container that extracts iron from iron ore? | the blast furnace |
| What does reduction remove? | oxygen |
| what does oxidation gain? | oxygen |
| What are the raw materials in the blast furnace? | iron ore, coke, limestone, hot air |
| what is the function of coke in the blast furnace? | used as a fuel and reacts to form carbon monoxide |
| What is the function of limestone in the blast furnace? | helps to remove acidic impurities from the iron by reacting with them to form molten slag |
| What does carbon dioxide + carbon form in the blast furnace ? | carbon monoxide (2CO) |
| What is overall equation in the blast furnace? | iron oxide + carbon -> carbon dioxide + iron |
| Why is the blast furnace a continuous process? | too expensive and way too much energy used if it stopped and started |
| What is the process of electrolysis? | passing an electric current through an ionic substance to separate it into its's elements |
| Why must the ionic substance be molten or dissolved in water before used in electrolysis? | so the ions are free to move |
| What is the positive and negative electrode called in electrolysis? | positive-anode negative-cathode |
| Do the positive ions in the electrolyte go to the anode or cathode? | cathode; opposite charges attract! |
| What is aluminium ore called? | bauxite |
| Why is graphite used for the electrodes? | relatively cheap and conducts electricity |
| What are some key properties of some metals? | hard, good conductor of heat an electricity, malleable, resistant to corrosion |
| Where are transition metals found in the periodic table? | centre of the table |
| What are some key properties of transition metals? | high melting and boiling points, malleability, high density, good electrical and thermal conductivity |
| What is an alloy? | mixture of two or more metals |
| why is iron made into steel alloys? | much harder and stronger than iron |
| What are two factors that affect where a metal extraction plant is? | good transport links and a place where employees can live nearby |
| Why is it important to recycle materials? | conserves raw materials/ resources uses less energy that extracting metal from it's ore |
| Why is hot air added to the blast furnace? | as a source of oxygen for the coke to burn |
Created by:
willum
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