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MED 143: 7-9
HW Quiz
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which term describes an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause infection? | infection |
| One-celled plants and animals are called | microorganisms. |
| Which term describes microbes that produce infection and disease? | pathogens |
| Which bacteria would cause an infection deep within the body, such as in a joint? | anaerobic bacteria |
| Which term refers to round-shaped bacteria? | cocci |
| Which is the most important defense mechanism of the external immune system? | Skin |
| Which cells are part of the internal immune system? | Leukocytes |
| If an unfamiliar microorganism enters the body which protein(s) is (are) produced? | Antibodies |
| The method of stimulating the production of antibodies by exposing the body to weakened or killed germs is called | immunization. |
| Which term refers to the process of placing a small amount of dead or weak disease germs into the body? | vaccination |
| Thin, less elastic skin, decreased sensitivity, poor oral hygiene, and poor nutrition are all risks factors for infection in a(n) | older adult patient. |
| An infection that occurs in a hospital or long-term care facility is a(n) | nosocomial infection. |
| Performing hand hygiene through handwashing with soap and water or with an alcohol hand rub sterilizing equipment, changing bed linens frequently, using standard precaution when potentially coming into contact with bodily fluids | aseptic techniques. |
| Which term indicates primary strategies that prevent infections transmitted through blood, body fluid, non-intact skin, and mucous membranes? | standard precautions |
| Drugs that kill microorganisms directly are called | bacteriocidal. |
| When determining the appropriate antibiotic to be prescribed for an infection which test should be performed? | gram stain |
| Which procedure would assist the physician in choosing a drug that is effective against the pathogen? | culture and sensitivity test |
| A narrow-spectrum antibiotic is prescribed because | broad-spectrum antibiotics give more types of organisms a chance to develop resistance. |
| Which term indicates an altered state of reactivity in which the body reacts with an exaggerated immune response? | hypersensitivity |
| A severe, possibly fatal systemic hypersensitivity reaction to a sensitizing agent—that is, a drug, food, or a chemical is called | anaphylaxis. |
| Which term describes a secondary infection that occurs while an antibiotic is destroying the first infection? | superinfection |
| Which statement describes important information that patients must receive while on antibiotic therapy? | Take all of the medication to ensure that the drug does not fail. |
| Which antibiotic is the most effective and least toxic? | penicillins |
| Pathogens that secrete a substance called penicillinase | resist penicillin. |
| Patients should be educated to take antibiotic doses at the prescribed time to | maintain therapeutic blood levels. |
| The transparent anterior portion of the eye is the | cornea. |
| Which term describes the "white" of the eye? | sclera |
| Which structure gives the eye its color? | iris |
| Which term means farsightedness, a condition that normally occurs as a result of the aging process? | presbyopia |
| Age-related blurred vision can be corrected with | bifocal lenses. |
| As a patient ages which visual structure undergoes decreased tear production, causing dry, irritated eyes? | lacrimal ducts |
| Which visual structure demonstrates decreased pupil size, slower dilation after exposure to light, and decreased near vision and accommodation as the patient ages? | iris |
| As the patient ages which visual structure has decreased sharpness of vision and loss of central vision? | retina |
| Which is an eye disorder characterized by increased intraocular pressure? | glaucoma |
| If glaucoma goes unnoticed and untreated which condition may occur? | blindness |
| Which term describes an opacity that appears within the crystalline lens and may affect one or both eyes? | cataracts |
| Which condition can be treated with miotics, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, and beta-adrenergic blocking agents? | glaucoma |
| Bacterial, viral, or chlamydial microorganisms may cause | conjunctivitis. |
| An extreme sensitivity to light is referred to as | photophobia. |
| Which term describes a bacterial infection of the eyelids that causes crusting, redness, and irritation of the eyelids? | blepharitis |
| Which term describes an infection of the sebaceous glands, commonly referred to as a sty? | hordeolum |
| Which condition is Tobramycin (Tobrex) indicated to treat? | eye infections |
| Which of the following is the mechanism of action for miotics in constricting the pupil? | They contract the ciliary muscles. |
| A drug indicated to dilate the pupil is classified as | mydriatics. |
| Which term is used to describe a technique which uses the administration of anticholinergic mydriatics to determine if corrective lenses are required? | cycloplegic refraction |
| The external ear consists of the | pinna. |
| Which structure connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and works to equalize air pressure on both sides of the eardrum? | eustachian tube |
| An alteration in an individual’s perception or sensitivity to sounds is known as | conductive hearing loss. |
| Which condition describes a problem with either the external or middle ear? | conductive hearing loss |
| The malleus, incus, and stapes bones pick up vibrations of the _________blank and transmit these vibrations to specialized hearing cells in the inner ear. | tympanic membrane |
| All of the following terms describe a part of the integumentary system except | fascia. |
| Which statement does not describe a function of skin? | trigger for hormonal secretions during stress |
| When the body temperature elevates and causes the blood vessels of the dermis to dilate, which sign or symptom may occur? | perspiration |
| Which term describes the outermost layer of skin? | epidermis |
| Which type of cells contain a skin-color pigment that gives a person's skin its characteristic color? | melanocytes |
| Which term describes a hard protein contained in the cells of the epidermis, nails, and hair that is both waterproof and a barrier to pathogens and chemicals? | keratin |
| Which layer of the skin contains collagen, blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic tissue, and connective tissue? | dermis |
| Hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands, and sense receptors are contained in the | dermis. |
| The part of the skin that supplies support, insulation, nutrition, and cushioning or padding is the | subcutaneous layer. |
| Which term describes a protective response of body tissues to irritation and injury—a process that results in swelling, redness, pain, and heat? | inflammation |
| A condition caused by the release of histamine from the skin cells during allergic reactions is referred to as | pruritus. |
| Which term is another name for pruritus? | itching |
| A reddening of the skin caused by an expansion of the capillaries close to the skin surface is called | erythema. |
| Which term describes swelling caused by a buildup of fluid in the tissues? | edema |
| Which term describes an excess of the protein keratin in the epidermis? | scaling |
| Which term describes a circumscribed area of pathological tissue? | lesion |
| Which term describes open lesions that are the result of tissue damage that starts below the skin and then erupts onto the skin surface? | ulcerations |
| Which is another term for urticaria? | hives |
| Which of the following occurs as a result of fatigue, emotions, or sensitivity to some substances in the environment? | hives |
| Poison ivy, cosmetics, and soaps may cause | contact dermatitis. |
| Which oral drug classification is indicated for patients with eczema who have developed sensitivity to topical preparations? | antihistamines |
| Which skin condition is characterized by red, raised lesions covered with dry, silvery scales? | psoriasis |
| Which term describes the method used to calculate the percentage of body surface affected by burns? | Rule of Nines |
| All of the following conditions may occur as a result of extended exposure to the sun except | dermatitis. |
| The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has established a minimum recommended sun protection factor of | SPF 15. |
Created by:
Felicia26