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Nutrition Prac. Exam
3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following is the leading type of cancer in males and females? | lung |
| Exercise leads to development of more lean tissue, which reduces basal metabolism. | false |
| Some scientists believe that vitamin D recommendation should be much higher than currently set. | true |
| The richest sources of iron in the diet are | meats and seafood |
| Thiamin should be given to an alcoholic patient who has | Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome |
| Which of the foods listed below has the lowest niacin bioavailability? | corn |
| The force that develops when two solutions, each with a different concentration of solutes, are separated by a semipermeable membrane is | osmotic pressure |
| Symptoms of vitamin B-6 deficiency include | microcytic anemia, depression, confusion, convulsion, dematisis |
| Neurotransmitter synthesis requires the vitamin B-6 coenzyme. Which of the following is classified as a neurotransmitter? | GABA, serotonin, and norepinephrine |
| Absorption of dietary calcium in the duodenum is aided by | consumption of lactose, acidic environment, and 1, 25 (OH)2 vitamin D |
| The niacin coenzyme is reduced (NAD+ → NADH + H+) during | the pyruvate decarboxylation reaction, glycolysis, and the citric acid cycle |
| Most B-vitamins function as | coenzymes |
| The most dependable and abundant source of iodide in the American diet is | fortified salt |
| Healthy, light-skinned individuals can make sufficient vitamin D to meet the body's needs with about ________ of sun exposure on their face, arms, and hands 2 or 3 times per week. | 15 minutes |
| Eating disorders frequently co-occur with which of the following psychological disorders? | anxiety disorders, depression, and substance abuse |
| The body regulates its potassium content by | excreting more or less potassium in the urine |
| People who smoke have an increased need for | vitamin C |
| The form of folate that is best absorbed is the | monoglutamate form found in supplements and fortified foods |
| All the following are true statements about basal metabolism | it is the sum total of all involuntary activities necessary to sustain life, it supports the work that goes on in the body all the time, and it is the number of calories you need to sustain life |
| Excessive fluoride exposure during tooth development can cause | mottling of the teeth |
| Functions of vitamin D include | absorption of calcium |
| The ultra trace mineral boron does not yet have an established UL | false |
| Most of the world's water consumption is for __________. | agriculture and irrigation |
| Environmental factors are important influences on what we eat. | true |
| A healthy weight for an individual should not be based exclusively on weight, but on | total amount of body fat, location of body fat, and presence or absence of weight-related medical problems |
| Individuals advised to consume calcium supplements should consume | an amount of no more than 500 mg with or just after a meal |
| Zinc is transported in the blood to tissues by the proteins albumin and alpha-2 macroglobulin | true |
| The consumption of a high-protein, high-sodium diet will tend to ________ ion concentration of the urine. | increase |
| Pernicious anemia is treated most often by | regular intramuscular injection of vitamin B-12 |
| In North America, population groups at increased risk of vitamin A deficiency include all of the following EXCEPT | college-aged diabetics |
| Mucus-forming cells in the body deteriorate and can no longer produce mucus when there is a deficiency of | vitamin A |
| An essential component of coenzyme A is | pantothenic acid |
| Athletes commonly believe that the trace mineral ________ helps improve muscle mass and strength despite lack of research evidence. | chromium |
| A nutrient synthesized by bacteria in the large intestine is vitamin | K |
| Based on results of long-term studies, people on weight-reduction diets should limit | high-fat foods |
| Which of the following are involved in antioxidant defense? | superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase |
| Which group of individuals is advised to consume 400 micrograms of folic acid daily from supplements and/or fortified foods? | women capable of getting pregnant |
| Riboflavin coenzymes function in a variety of metabolic pathways, such as | electron transport chain, citric acid cycle, and beta-oxidation of fatty acids |
| Choline is required for the synthesis of | phospholipids and lipoproteins |
| Vitamin A toxicity is known to cause | permanent damage to the liver, birth defects, and death |
| The B-vitamin that has significant liver stores is | vitamin B-12 |
| Irreversible nerve damage may be caused by excessive intake of _______ supplements. | vitamin B-6 |
| The major goal for weight reduction in the treatment of obesity is the loss of | body fat |
| High amounts of _____, especially from supplements, can cause diarrhea. | magnesium |
| In general, excess amounts of water-soluble vitamins are excreted via the | kidneys |
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