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Period 3 APUSH Rev
Choose the Games that Work Best for You! (Try "Matching"--Better than Quizlet.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What was the Albany Congress? Define and give approximate date. | Meeting of representatives from 7 British colonies to negotiate alliances with the Iroquois and coordinate colonial defense during the French & Indian War. Benjamin Franklin proposed his Plan of Union here — rejected by colonies and the Crown. Held 1754. |
| What was the Boston Massacre? Define and give approximate date. | A confrontation in Boston in which British soldiers fired into a crowd of colonists, killing five. Patriot leaders used it as powerful anti-British propaganda. Occurred 1770. |
| What was the Stamp Act Congress? Define and give approximate date. | Delegates from 9 colonies met in NY to protest the ________ Act. Argued only colonial assemblies, not Parliament, had the right to tax the colonies. Produced "Declaration of Rights and Grievances" and marked an early step toward colonial unity. 1765. |
| What was the "shot heard round the world" at Lexington & Concord? Define and give approximate date. | The opening military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. British troops marched to seize colonial weapons at Concord and exchanged fire with Minutemen at Lexington — marking the start of armed conflict. Occurred April 1775. |
| What was the Battle of Saratoga? Define and give approximate date. | A major American victory in upstate New York in which General Burgoyne's British army surrendered. Considered the turning point of the Revolution because it convinced France to enter the war as an American ally. Fought 1777. |
| What was the First Continental Congress? Define and give approximate date. | A meeting of delegates from twelve colonies in Philadelphia, called in response to the Intolerable Acts. The Congress issued a declaration of colonial rights and created the Association, calling for a complete boycott of British goods. Met 1774. |
| What was the Battle of Yorktown? Define and give approximate date. | Last major battle of the Am Revolution, where Gen. Washington's American and French forces trapped British Gen. Cornwallis on the Virginia peninsula. Cornwallis surrendered his army, effectively ending the war and leading to the Treaty of Paris (1781) |
| What was the Olive Branch Petition? Define and give approximate date. | A last attempt by the 2nd Continental Congress to avoid full-scale war, by sending a petition to King George III professing loyalty and asking him to address colonial grievances. King George rejected it and declared the colonies in rebellion. Sent 1775. |
| What were the Articles of Confederation? Define and give approximate date. | The first governing document of the United States, creating a weak central government with no power to tax, no executive, and no national court system. Each state retained most of its sovereignty. Ratified 1781. |
| What was Shays' Rebellion? Define and give approximate date. | An armed uprising in Massachusetts in which farmers facing debt and foreclosure shut down courts and marched on a federal arsenal. It alarmed national leaders and accelerated the call for a stronger central government. Occurred 1786-1787. |
| What was the Constitutional Convention? Define and give approximate date. | A gathering of delegates in Philadelphia originally tasked with revising the Articles of Confederation. Instead, they drafted an entirely new U.S. Constitution, debating representation, slavery, and the power of the federal government. Met 1787. |
| What was the Whiskey Rebellion? Define and give approximate date. | An armed uprising by western Pennsylvania farmers protesting Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey. President Washington personally led troops to suppress it — a powerful demonstration of the new federal government's authority. Occurred 1794. |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The "Join or Die" cartoon was drawn by _________. | Benjamin Franklin |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Proclamation of 1763 forbade colonial settlement west of the _________ mountains. | Appalachian |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ was repealed after colonial protests, but was replaced with the Declaratory Act. | Stamp Act |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ imposed light import duties on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea — indirect customs duties payable at American ports. | Townshend Acts |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | After the Boston Tea Party, the _________ were passed, including shutting down Boston Harbor. | Intolerable Acts |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The First Continental Congress created the "________," which called for a complete boycott of British goods. | Association |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | _________ wrote "Common Sense" and was a strong advocate for Republicanism. | Thomas Paine |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the _________, a group that also appointed Washington General of the colonial army. | Second Continental Congress |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | At the Battle of _________, Washington's army surprised a garrison of sleeping Hessians. | Trenton |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | After spending the winter at _________, the discipline of the Continental Army greatly improved. | Valley Forge |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | General _________ surrendered at Yorktown. | Cornwallis |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ (1787) set out a process by which new states could enter the union. | Northwest Ordinance |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Shays' Rebellion occurred when farmers in _________ were losing their farms due to foreclosures and tax delinquencies. | Massachusetts |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The _________ Plan favored large states and wanted all representation in Congress to be based on population. | Virginia |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | Hamilton proposed an excise tax on _________. | Whiskey |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | In the unpopular 1795 _________, Britain agreed to evacuate the Northwest Territory and to grant U.S. trading privileges. | Jay's Treaty |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | During the _________, a French diplomat demanded a bribe. | XYZ Affair |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | John Adams was a member of the _________ Party. | Federalist |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | _________ ensured the "right to deposit" in New Orleans. | Pinckney's Treaty |
| FILL IN THE BLANK | The Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions were written in response to the _________. | Alien & Sedition Acts |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Pro-France in foreign policy | Jefferson — He admired the French Revolution and believed France was a natural ally of the United States. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Pro-England in foreign policy | Hamilton — He favored strong trade ties with Britain and saw Britain as a model of commercial power. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Loose interpretation of the Constitution | Hamilton — He argued the "necessary and proper" clause gave the federal government broad implied powers, such as the right to create a national bank. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Strict interpretation of the Constitution | Jefferson — He believed the federal government could only do what was explicitly written in the Constitution. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Assumption of state debts | Hamilton — As Treasury Secretary, he proposed the federal government assume all state Revolutionary War debts to strengthen national credit. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Federalist | Hamilton — He was a leading Federalist who championed a strong central government. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Anti-Federalist / Democratic-Republican | Jefferson — He opposed a powerful central government and led the Democratic-Republican Party. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Favored an agrarian society | Jefferson — He idealized the yeoman farmer as the backbone of democracy and distrusted cities and manufacturing. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Favored manufacturing and commerce | Hamilton — He believed America's future strength lay in industry, trade, and a diversified economy. |
| HAMILTON OR JEFFERSON? | Supported by the lower classes and farmers | Jefferson — His Democratic-Republican Party drew support from small farmers, debtors, and common people. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Albany Congress of 1754 effectively united the colonies. | False — Franklin's Plan of Union was rejected by both the colonial assemblies (who didn't want to give up power) and the British Crown. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The British impressed the colonists with their fighting ability during the early years of the French & Indian War. | False — British forces performed poorly in early engagements, notably Braddock's Defeat (1755), which boosted American confidence in their own militia. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Proclamation of 1763 was passed in response to Pontiac's Rebellion. | True — Pontiac's Rebellion alarmed the British, who issued the Proclamation to reduce frontier conflict by restricting colonial expansion westward. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Mercantilism tries to create a favorable balance of trade for the home country. | True — Mercantilism held that a nation's wealth depended on exporting more than it imported and accumulating gold and silver. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The colonists were pacified by the concept of "virtual representation." | False — Colonists firmly rejected the British argument that Parliament virtually represented all British subjects. They insisted on "no taxation without representation" — meaning actual elected representatives. |
| TRUE or FALSE: British tea was more expensive than the tea of other countries due to taxes. | False — The Tea Act of 1773 actually made British East India Company tea cheaper than smuggled tea. Colonists opposed it anyway because it gave a monopoly to one company and affirmed Parliament's right to tax them. |
| TRUE or FALSE: John Adams represented the soldiers who committed the Boston Massacre in court. | True — Adams defended the British soldiers as a matter of principle, believing everyone deserved a fair trial. Most were acquitted. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Women played an important role in boycotts. | True — Women organized boycotts of British goods, formed Daughters of Liberty groups, and made homespun cloth as substitutes for British textiles. |
| TRUE or FALSE: After the bloodshed at Lexington & Concord, the colonies made no more attempts to reconcile with Britain. | False — The Second Continental Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to King George III in 1775 as a final attempt at reconciliation. He rejected it. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Articles of Confederation were written after the Revolution ended. | False — The Articles were drafted during the Revolution (1777) and ratified in 1781, while the war was still ongoing. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Great Compromise created a bicameral legislature. | True — The Great Compromise resolved the conflict between the Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan by creating a two-house Congress: a Senate with equal state representation and a House based on population. |
| TRUE or FALSE: Washington warned against both permanent alliances and political parties. | True — In his Farewell Address (1796), Washington cautioned against permanent alliances with foreign nations and the baneful effects of political factions. |
| TRUE or FALSE: The Alien & Sedition Laws targeted Democratic-Republicans. | True — The Federalist-controlled Congress passed these laws primarily to silence immigrant communities (who tended to support Jefferson) and to criminalize criticism of the Adams administration. |
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dddemchuk12