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Cell division
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| whats the chromosome sturcture | 60% protein,40% DNA,46 in total |
| What is the DNA Portion made of | 3% gene and 97% junk DNA |
| what must a pre existing cell do to proceed with cell division | 1) Copy cell organelles 2)grow larger 3)replicate its DNA |
| what happens during interphase | single stranded chromosome form double stranded copies of themselves so both daughter cells hace exact same chromosome. |
| cellular processes during interphase | photosynthesis and respiration |
| biomolecules formed during interphase | carbohydrates and protein |
| what happens during mitosis | nucleus divides in two |
| what are the 4 stages of mitosis | prophase,metaphase,anaphase and telophase |
| what happens during cytokinesis in a animal cell | a cleavage furrow forms around the equator of the cell. |
| what happens during cytokinesis in a plant cell | rigid and strong cell wall stops a cleavage from forming. |
| whats a haploid cell | a haploid cell has one set of chromosomes n=23,e.g eggs and sperm |
| whats a diploid | has two sets of chromosomes and are in pairs called homologous pairs 2n=46 |
| what is meiosis | a different type of nuckear division which produces cells with half the number of chromosomes in each daughter cell. |
| what are gametes | haploid cells that are able to fuse with another gamete of opposite sex |
| 2 functions of meiosis in different organisms | 1) allows for sexual reproduction 2)allows variation between organisms of same species |
| which unicellular organisms use mitosis | amoeba and baccteria |
| which multicellular organisms use mitosis | humans,animals |
| what are the steps involved in dna replication | during late interphase,the dna double helix unwinds,the 2 strands act as a template for new strands,then new dna strands attach to the original forming a new strand,all identical. |
| what does dna helicase break down | breaks down hydrogen bond between complementary base pairs |
| what does dna polymerase do | attaches new bases that move in and join with the original dna strands. |
| what are cancers | a group of disorders which cell lose their ability to control the rate of mitosis |
| give me normal cell chracteristics | 1)reproduce cells by mitosis when and where necessary in a controlled manner 2) self destruct if they become too damaged or old |
| what are cancer cell characteristics | 1) keep reproducing cells by mitosis in an uncontrolled manner when not required,2) dont repair themselves or die |
| what are benign tumours | kind/gentle, do not invade other tissues,can be surgically removed |
| what are malignant tumours | 1) may be life threatening 2)invade other cells 3) cancer cells that divide indefinitely |
| causes of cancer | 1)viruses and bacteria,changing genes that control cell division 2)environmental factors 3) genetic risk,inherited genes |
| what are treatment for cancer | surgery,chemotherpay,radiation |
| signs for cancer | -a lump or swelling,bleeding that is not normal,weight loss |
Created by:
jeromepomy